The invention relates to glass articles, such as for example glass tubes or flat glasses, where the material at the surface by a targeted process control has gradient material properties which in turn result in a compressive prestress of the surface. The invention also relates to a method for the production of the glass articles as well as their use.

The invention relates to glass articles, such as for example glass tubes or flat glasses, where the material at the surface by a targeted process control has gradient material properties which in turn result in a compressive prestress of the surface. The invention also relates to a method for the production of the glass articles as well as their use.

A method for dealkalizing the inner face (5) of the wall (2) of a glass container (1), which wall (2) delimits a cavity (3) and an opening (4) providing access to the cavity (3), comprising supplying a glass container, the inner face of the wall of which has a temperature of at least 350° C., and introducing into the cavity, with the inner face having a temperature of at least 350° C., a treatment liquid containing a substance designed to react under the heat's effect to bring about dealkalization of the glass, the introducing comprising injecting, by way of an injection head (11) disposed at a distance from the opening in the container and outside the latter, a predetermined metered quantity of the liquid as a spray cone (C) that is sufficiently narrow for all of the metered quantity to pass into the cavity. Also, methods and installations for treating glass containers.

The invention relates to a method for dealkalisation of the inside surface (5) of the wall (2) of a glass container (1), which wall (2) defines a cavity (3) and an opening (4) providing access to the cavity (3), the method comprising a step of providing a container made of borosilicate glass, wherein the inside surface of the wall is at a temperature of at least 350° C., and a step of introducing into the cavity, the inside surface being at a temperature of at least 350° C., a treatment liquid containing a substance designed to react under the effect of heat to cause dealkalisation of the glass.

A process for producing a glass article is provided that includes, in order, a first process step in which a surface of the glass article has a temperature of at least 400° C. for at least some of the time, a second process step in which the surface of the glass article has a temperature of more than 10° C. and less than 100° C. and the surface is brought into contact with water or water vapor and the surface of the glass article is supplied with an amount of water which corresponds to a water layer thickness of from 1 to 100 μm, and a third process step in which the glass article is processed further with contact of the surface with foreign materials or other glass articles.

A window including glass configured to protect an electronic panel from an external impact and a manufacturing method therefor include a base substrate having a front surface and a rear surface; and a bezel layer disposed on the rear surface of the base substrate, wherein the front surface of the base substrate has a roughness ranging from 0.2 nm to 3 nm, and at least a portion of the base substrate may be bent.

A scratch resistant alkali aluminoborosilicate glass. The glass is chemically strengthened and has a surface layer that is rich in silica with respect to the remainder of the glass article. The chemically strengthened glass is then treated with an aqueous solution of a mineral acid other than hydrofluoric acid, such as, for example, HCl, HNO.sub.3, H.sub.2SO.sub.4, or the like, to selective leach elements from the glass and leave behind a silica-rich surface layer. The silica-rich surface layer improves the Knoop scratch threshold of the ion exchanged glass compared to ion exchanged glass that are not treated with the acid solution as well as the post-scratch retained strength of the glass.

Embodiments of the present invention pertain to antimicrobial glass compositions, glasses and articles. The articles include a glass, which may include a glass phase and a cuprite phase. In other embodiments, the glasses include as plurality of Cu.sup.1+ ions, a degradable phase including B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5 and K.sub.2O and a durable phase including SiO.sub.2. Other embodiments include glasses having a plurality of Cu.sup.1+ ions disposed on the surface of the glass and in the glass network and/or the glass matrix. The article may also include a polymer. The glasses and articles disclosed herein exhibit a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of at least one of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomomas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli, under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions and under Modified JIS Z 2801 for Bacteria testing conditions.

Embodiments are related generally to conductive interconnects formed on substrates, and more particularly to a glass ceramic, or glass-ceramic substrate having copper interconnects disposed thereon.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of manufacturing a display window includes preparing a mother substrate, performing a salt treatment on the mother substrate to form a silicon-rich layer in a surface of the mother substrate to a first depth from the surface of the mother substrate, and removing the silicon-rich layer, wherein the first depth is greater than a depth of any cracks in the surface of the mother substrate, and a ratio of silicon content in the silicon-rich layer to a silicon content in the mother substrate is 1.2 to 1.4.