Systems and methods for flow cells are provided. Flow cells may encompass a range of fluidic devices for various applications ranging from microfluidic systems to bulk phase flow systems. Flow cells may comprise one or more components for passive or active fluid transfer. Descriptions are provided for advantageous methods of fabricating flow cells for particular applications such as biological assays. Provided is a composition, comprising a first substrate comprising a first covalently-bound ligand; and a second substrate comprising a second covalently-bound ligand; wherein the first covalently-bound ligand and the second covalently-bound ligand are covalently bonded to form a heterocyclic compound. Also provided is a flow cell device, comprising: a first substrate comprising a microfabricated surface; and a second substrate comprising a non-patterned surface; wherein the first substrate is joined to the second substrate to form an enclosure; and wherein the microfabricated surface comprises at least one chamber, wherein the chamber comprises a microarray of active sites with specific functionalization separated by an optically resolvable distance and a functionalized surface comprising a passivating group or a blocking group; and wherein each active site of the microarray of active sites comprises a capture agent.

Systems and methods for flow cells are provided. Flow cells may encompass a range of fluidic devices for various applications ranging from microfluidic systems to bulk phase flow systems. Flow cells may comprise one or more components for passive or active fluid transfer. Descriptions are provided for advantageous methods of fabricating flow cells for particular applications such as biological assays. Provided is a composition, comprising a first substrate comprising a first covalently-bound ligand; and a second substrate comprising a second covalently-bound ligand; wherein the first covalently-bound ligand and the second covalently-bound ligand are covalently bonded to form a heterocyclic compound. Also provided is a flow cell device, comprising: a first substrate comprising a microfabricated surface; and a second substrate comprising a non-patterned surface; wherein the first substrate is joined to the second substrate to form an enclosure; and wherein the microfabricated surface comprises at least one chamber, wherein the chamber comprises a microarray of active sites with specific functionalization separated by an optically resolvable distance and a functionalized surface comprising a passivating group or a blocking group; and wherein each active site of the microarray of active sites comprises a capture agent.

Provided is a Low-E glass plate protection method capable of preventing or inhibiting Low-E layer alteration. In the protection method, a protective sheet having a substrate and a PSA layer provided to at least one face of the substrate is applied for protection via the PSA layer to a Low-E glass plate having a Low-E layer that comprises a zinc component. The method is characterized by using the protective sheet wherein the PSA layer is formed from a water-dispersed PSA composition and includes less than 850 μg ammonia per gram of PSA layer weight.

Disclosed is an antenna on glass (AOG) device having an air cavity at least partially formed in a photosensitive glass substrate. An air cavity structure is at least partially encloses the air cavity and wherein the air cavity structure at least partially formed from the photosensitive glass substrate. An antenna is formed from portion of a top conductive layer disposed on a top surface of the air cavity structure and at least partially overlapping the air cavity. A metallization structure is provided having a bottom conductive layer disposed on a bottom surface of the air cavity structure, wherein the bottom conductive layer is electrically coupled to the top metal layer by a conductive pillar disposed through the photosensitive glass substrate. In addition, the AOG device may integrate one or more MIM capacitors and/or inductors that allow for RF filtering and impedance matching.

Provided are a glass transportation apparatus and a system including the glass transportation apparatus for manufacturing a multi-pane glass unit. The glass transportation apparatus includes a plate including a main surface facing a main surface of a glass pane, a gas blowing device configured to blow a gas towards the main surface of the glass pane such that the main surface of the glass pane is spaced apart from the main surface of the plate, and a conveyer including a belt having an upper surface and a plurality of pulleys configured to circulate the belt.

A multi-pane glass unit includes a first outer glass pane and a second outer glass pane facing each other, a first inner glass pane between the first outer glass pane and the second outer glass pane, a first spacer located between the first outer glass pane and the first inner glass pane, and a second spacer located between the second outer glass pane and the first inner glass pane.

Provided is a Low-E glass plate protection method capable of preventing or inhibiting Low-E layer alteration. The protection method includes a step of applying a protective sheet to a surface of a Low-E glass plate having a Low-E layer comprising a zinc component. Here, the protective sheet has a PSA layer. The Low-E layer comprises a zinc component. The PSA layer includes ammonia and an acid or acid salt capable of forming a counterion to an ammonium ion.

Provided is an apparatus for manufacturing a multi-pane glass unit. The apparatus includes: a first plate configured to hold a first glass pane; a second plate configured to hold a second glass pane such that the second glass pane faces the first glass pane; and a conveyer including a first portion configured to convey the first glass pane onto the first plate and a second portion configured to convey the second glass onto the second plate.

A light source device includes: a plurality of laser diodes that includes a first laser diode for emitting laser light of red color, a second laser diode for emitting laser light of green color, and a third laser diode for emitting laser light of blue color; a substrate directly or indirectly supporting the plurality of laser diodes; and a cap secured to the substrate and covering the plurality of laser diodes. The cap includes: a first glass portion configured to transmit the laser light that is emitted from the plurality of laser diodes, and a second glass portion. At least one of the first glass portion and the second glass portion comprises an alkaline glass region. The first glass portion and the second glass portion are bonded together via an electrically conductive layer that is in contact with the alkaline glass region. The first glass portion is bonded to the substrate.

A light source device includes: a plurality of laser diodes that includes a first laser diode for emitting laser light of red color, a second laser diode for emitting laser light of green color, and a third laser diode for emitting laser light of blue color; a substrate directly or indirectly supporting the plurality of laser diodes; and a cap secured to the substrate and covering the plurality of laser diodes. The cap includes: a first glass portion configured to transmit the laser light that is emitted from the plurality of laser diodes, and a second glass portion. At least one of the first glass portion and the second glass portion comprises an alkaline glass region. The first glass portion and the second glass portion are bonded together via an electrically conductive layer that is in contact with the alkaline glass region. The first glass portion is bonded to the substrate.