A substrate for flexible device. The substrate has a nickel-plated metal sheet having a nickel-plating layer formed on at least one surface of a metal sheet or a nickel-based sheet, and a glass layer of an electrically-insulating layered bismuth-based glass on a surface of the nickel-plating layer or the nickel-based sheet. An oxide layer having a roughened surface is formed on the surface of the nickel-plating layer or the surface of the nickel-based sheet, and the bismuth-based glass contains 70 to 84% by weight of Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, 10 to 12% by weight of ZnO, and 6 to 12% by weight of B.sub.2O.sub.3. Also disclosed is a method for producing the substrate for flexible device, a substrate for an organic EL device, a sheet used as a substrate for flexible device, a method for producing the sheet and a bismuth-based lead-free glass composition.

The present invention relates to an enamel composition capable of removing sugars as well as poultry oils as contaminants at a low temperature by using a catalyst oxide, to a manufacturing method therefor, and cooking utensils. The present invention provides an enamel composition, a manufacturing method therefor, and cooking utensils, wherein the enamel composition is capable of removing sugars as well as poultry oils as contaminants at a low temperature by comprising: at least one of SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2O.sub.3, Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and K.sub.2O; and TiO.sub.2.

An enamel composition, a method for preparing an enamel composition, and a cooking appliance are provided. The enamel composition may include 15 to 50 wt % of phosphorus pentoxide (P.sub.2O.sub.5); 5 to 20 wt % of one or more of lithium oxide (Li.sub.2O), sodium oxide (Na.sub.2O), or potassium oxide (K.sub.2O); 1 to 5 wt % of one or more of sodium fluoride (NaF), calcium fluoride (CaF.sub.2), or aluminum fluoride (AlF.sub.3); 1 to 35 wt % of one or more of magnesium oxide (MgO), barium oxide (BaO), or calcium oxide (CaO); and 5 to 30 wt % of one or more of manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2), molybdenum trioxide (MoO.sub.3), bismuth oxide (Bi.sub.2O.sub.3), or nickel oxide (NiO). The enamel composition may be cleaned without being putting it into water.

The invention discloses a metal anticorrosive coating. The coating is an inorganic coating used for metal anticorrosion. This coating has a double-layer structure, including an outer enamel coating and an inner base oxide coating. Meanwhile, the content of the base metal oxide decreases from the inner layer to the outer layer, which causes the thermal expansion coefficient of the coating to increase from the inner layer to the outer layer, ensures that the overall thermal expansion coefficient of the coating is coordinate with various base metals. The composition of the outer layer enamel coating includes: by weight, 1-40 parts of silicon, 1-30 parts of sodium, 1-20 parts of potassium, 2-20 parts of calcium, 0.5-15 parts of fluorine, 0.3-10 parts of cobalt, 0.2-10 parts of nickel, 1-18 parts of boron, 0.5-10 parts of phosphorus, 0.1-8 parts of magnesium, and the rest is oxygen; the composition of the base oxide coating of the inner layer includes the base metal and oxygen. A preparation process of a double-layer dense metal anticorrosive coating formed by low-temperature sintering is also disclosed, including the following steps: 1) grinding; 2) preparation of mixture; 3) grinding; 4) high temperature reaction; 5) grinding; 6) coating; 7) sintering. The coating of the invention has the advantages of improving the corrosion resistance by more than 14 times, has a high ductility which can be coordinated with the reinforcing steel bar in tensile deformation, has a thermal expansion coefficient gradient which can be applied to different metals and different types of the same metal.

A composition for enamel may include 10 to 45 wt % of SiO.sub.2; 1 to 10 wt % of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 10 to 20 wt % of one or more of Na.sub.2O, K.sub.2O, and/or Li.sub.2O, 1 to 5 wt % of NaF, 1 to 10 wt % of ZnO, 5 to 15 wt % of TiO.sub.2, 3 to 7 wt % of MoO.sub.3, 5 to 15 wt % of Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, 1 to 5 wt % of CeO.sub.2, and 0.5 to 10 wt % of one or more of MnO.sub.2, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, and/or Co.sub.3O.sub.4. The composition may be used to make a coating layer provided on a cooking appliance so that contaminants may be easily cleaned from the cooking appliance at a room temperature.

A scaling resistant ceramic glaze and a functional overglaze for Q345 hot rolled alloy steel double sided enameling. The components and the weight percentage of each component of the ground glaze of the enamel are as follows: 3-6% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 60-70% of SiO.sub.2; 10-15% of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 10-15% of Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O+Li.sub.2O, 3-6% of CaF.sub.2, 3-6% of ZrO.sub.2, 2-5% of CoO+NiO, 1-3% of BaMoO.sub.4+Sb.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.3-1.5 of WO.sub.3. The ground glaze is prepared by formulating chemical raw materials in a weight ratio converted by the described chemical composition, stirring thoroughly and mixing uniformly, melting same in a rotary furnace at 1200-1350° C., and then quenching the melt. The provided scaling resistant ceramic glaze and functional overglaze for Q345 hot rolled alloy steel double sided enameling can be applied to Q345 steel that contains C, P, S and the like which are considered harmful elements and contains a variety of common alloy elements.

The present invention relates to an enamel composition capable of implementing cleaning without swelling using moisture, to a manufacturing method therefor, and to cooking utensils. The enamel composition according to the present invention comprises: 20-60 wt % of P.sub.2O.sub.5; 1-20 wt % of SiO.sub.2; 1-30 wt % of B.sub.2O.sub.3; 10-30 wt % of at least one of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and K.sub.2O; 10-40 wt % of at least one selected from the group consisting of post-transition metal oxides and transition metal oxides. Therefore, the present invention provides an enamel composition capable of implementing cleaning without swelling using moisture, a manufacturing method therefor, and cooking utensils.

The present invention relates to glass composites, including filled glass composites and uses thereof. In particular examples, the composites provide improved thermal expansion characteristics. Also described are methods of forming such composites, such as by adding a particle filler to a glass mixture.

A glass material for enamel is provided that can be used to produce an enamel product in which a luster pigment does not dissolve in glass and can thus maintain its luster properties to provide a metallic texture and high surface gloss. The glass material for enamel in accordance with the present invention contains a frit that has a composition thereof including 40 wt % to 60 wt % of silicon dioxide, 15 wt % to 35 wt % of boron oxide, and 18 wt % or less of one or more alkali metal oxides selected from the group consisting of lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide, and a luster pigment for providing a metallic look.

An enamel composition, a method for preparing an enamel composition, and a cooking appliance are provided. The enamel composition may include 15 to 50 wt % of phosphorus pentoxide (P.sub.2O.sub.5); 5 to 20 wt % of one or more of lithium oxide (Li.sub.2O), sodium oxide (Na.sub.2O), or potassium oxide (K.sub.2O); 1 to 5 wt % of one or more of sodium fluoride (NaF), calcium fluoride (CaF.sub.2), or aluminum fluoride (AlF.sub.3); 1 to 35 wt % of one or more of magnesium oxide (MgO), barium oxide (BaO), or calcium oxide (CaO); and 5 to 30 wt % of one or more of manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2), molybdenum trioxide (MoO.sub.3), bismuth oxide (Bi.sub.2O.sub.3), or nickel oxide (NiO). The enamel composition may be cleaned without being putting it into water.