A multi-component inorganic capsule anchoring system can be used for chemically fastening anchors, bolts, screw anchors, screw bolts, and post-installed reinforcing bars in mineral substrates. The multi-component inorganic capsule anchoring system contains a curable powdery ground-granulated blast-furnace slag-based component A, and an initiator component B in aqueous-phase for initiating a curing process. The powdery ground-granulated blast-furnace slag-based component A contains further silica dust. The component B contains an alkali-silicate component and optionally a plasticizer.

A multi-component inorganic capsule anchoring system can be used for chemically fastening anchors, bolts, screw anchors, screw bolts, and post-installed reinforcing bars in mineral substrates. The multi-component inorganic capsule anchoring system contains a curable powdery ground-granulated blast-furnace slag-based component A, and an initiator component B in aqueous-phase for initiating a curing process. The powdery ground-granulated blast-furnace slag-based component A contains further silica dust. The component B contains an alkali-silicate component and optionally a plasticizer.

The present invention provides means capable of imparting high temporal stability to a hardening aid solution which serves as a raw material and capable of imparting high strength and high quality stability to a hardened body of the self-hardening material, in the hardened body of the self-hardening material that contains a ceramic powder containing Si element at least on the surface thereof. The present invention relates to a hardening aid solution containing Si element, an alkali, and a dispersing medium, wherein the dispersing medium contains water; a dissolution concentration of the Si element is 20000 mass ppm or more; the number of moles of the alkali present in 1 kg of the dispersing medium is 2 mol/kg or more; an absolute value of an amount of change in a dissolution concentration of Si element in a solution obtained by diluting the hardening aid solution by 2 times based on the mass using an aqueous KOH solution having a concentration of 3 mol/L is 2000 mass ppm or less, between before and after a heat dissolution test including heating the solution at a solution temperature of 80° C. for 5 hours, and then allowing the solution to stand in an ambient environment at 25° C. for 1 hour; and the hardening aid solution is used for hardening a powder containing a ceramic powder containing Si element at least on the surface thereof.

The present invention provides means capable of imparting high temporal stability to a hardening aid solution which serves as a raw material and capable of imparting high strength and high quality stability to a hardened body of the self-hardening material, in the hardened body of the self-hardening material that contains a ceramic powder containing Si element at least on the surface thereof. The present invention relates to a hardening aid solution containing Si element, an alkali, and a dispersing medium, wherein the dispersing medium contains water; a dissolution concentration of the Si element is 20000 mass ppm or more; the number of moles of the alkali present in 1 kg of the dispersing medium is 2 mol/kg or more; an absolute value of an amount of change in a dissolution concentration of Si element in a solution obtained by diluting the hardening aid solution by 2 times based on the mass using an aqueous KOH solution having a concentration of 3 mol/L is 2000 mass ppm or less, between before and after a heat dissolution test including heating the solution at a solution temperature of 80° C. for 5 hours, and then allowing the solution to stand in an ambient environment at 25° C. for 1 hour; and the hardening aid solution is used for hardening a powder containing a ceramic powder containing Si element at least on the surface thereof.

Cement compositions of the present disclosure include a cement precursor, water, and a cement retarder that includes hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives. In particular, the cement compositions include from 10 wt.% to 70 wt.% cement precursor, from 5 wt.% to 70 wt.% water, and from 0.1 percent by weight of cement (BWOC) to 10 percent BWOC cement retarder comprising the hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives. The hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives provide increased thickening time to the cement compositions at downhole temperatures of greater than or equal to 50° C. The present disclosure further includes methods of cementing a wellbore using the cement compositions with the cement retarder comprising the hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives.

Cement compositions of the present disclosure include a cement precursor, water, and a cement retarder that includes hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives. In particular, the cement compositions include from 10 wt.% to 70 wt.% cement precursor, from 5 wt.% to 70 wt.% water, and from 0.1 percent by weight of cement (BWOC) to 10 percent BWOC cement retarder comprising the hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives. The hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives provide increased thickening time to the cement compositions at downhole temperatures of greater than or equal to 50° C. The present disclosure further includes methods of cementing a wellbore using the cement compositions with the cement retarder comprising the hydrocarboxylic acid derivatives.

The invention relates to a geopolymer grout for protecting prestressing reinforcements, the geopolymer grout comprising metakaolin, fly ash and an activator mixture, the activator mixture comprising sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the molar ratio Na.sub.2O:SiO.sub.2 of the sodium silicate is between 0.40 and 0.70.

The invention relates to a geopolymer grout for protecting prestressing reinforcements, the geopolymer grout comprising metakaolin, fly ash and an activator mixture, the activator mixture comprising sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, wherein the molar ratio Na.sub.2O:SiO.sub.2 of the sodium silicate is between 0.40 and 0.70.

This invention discloses a double-liquid grouting slurry, its technology and application for super large diameter underwater shield engineering under high water pressure condition. The materials of slurry I are: 35-45 parts of cement clinker; 15-25 parts of slag; 24-35 parts of fly ash; 15-25 parts of steel slag; 5-15 parts of bentonite; 4-10 parts of limestone tailing; 0.3-2.0 parts of water reducing agent; 0.5-2.5 parts of cellulose. The materials of slurry II are: 0.2-3.8 parts of short-cut fiber; 96-99 parts of sodium silicate solution; 0.8-4.8 parts of viscous polymers. This invention generates the double-liquid slurry preparation process including crushing-screening-milling-group mixing-grouped mixing at different speeds, the volume ratio of slurry I and II is 1:1-10:1 during grouting, and the slurry is injected into the shield void through the six-point position technology at the shield tail and 3+2+1 segment splicing synchronous grouting techniques.

A synchronous single-liquid grouting slurry, its technology and application for large diameter shield engineering under water-rich, high-pressure and weak soil strata conditions, comprising raw materials: 1050-1200 parts of gold tailing, 420-480 parts of silicate cement clinker, 220-240 parts of fly ash, 45-120 parts of waste clay brick, 65-95 parts of slag, 25-45 parts of limestone tailing, 70-80 parts of steel slag, 30-45 parts of silica fume, 15-22 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 9-15 parts of quick-setting and early-strength composite additive. The invention controls the d.sub.50, d.sub.85 and d.sub.95 of the material particles as 35-40, 42-48 and 50-55 μm, respectively. Gold tailing with the particle size of 120-600 μm being used as the fine aggregate, their volume fractions are 40-60%. The slurry production technique, comprising crushing-sieving-superfine ball milling-homogenization-particle size classification-variable speed mixing being developed. The shield tail eight-point grouting technique is being developed for filling.