A composition, utility material, and method of making a utility material is disclosed. A composition having an improved setting time may include a plurality of microparticles mixed with a sodium silicate binder and an isocyanate setting agent, where the microparticle composition has a setting time of less than or equal to one hour. A utility material may be a wallboard that includes the composition.

A hydraulic binder based on a sulfoaluminate clinker including the mineralogical phases ye'elimite C.sub.4A.sub.3$, mayenite C.sub.12A.sub.7, free lime CaO, and optionally belite C2S, characterized in that, in the clinker, the mineralogical phases are 20% to 50% by weight of ye'elimite C4A3$ phase, 5% to 80% by weight of mayenite C.sub.12A.sub.7 phase, and 1% to 5% by weight of free lime CaO, the weight ratio between the mayenite C.sub.12A.sub.7 and ye'elimite C.sub.4A.sub.3$ phases being between 0.1 and 10. The binder can be used to treat polluted soils, in particular soils with a leachable fraction greater than 0.4% that contains predominantly anions and/or heavy metal cations by mixing the soil with the hydraulic binder, in soil/binder weight proportions of between 1 and 40 parts of binder for 100 parts of soil. It makes it possible to stabilize soils which are polluted or to stabilize soils before dumping.

A hydraulic binder based on a sulfoaluminate clinker including the mineralogical phases ye'elimite C.sub.4A.sub.3$, mayenite C.sub.12A.sub.7, free lime CaO, and optionally belite C2S, characterized in that, in the clinker, the mineralogical phases are 20% to 50% by weight of ye'elimite C4A3$ phase, 5% to 80% by weight of mayenite C.sub.12A.sub.7 phase, and 1% to 5% by weight of free lime CaO, the weight ratio between the mayenite C.sub.12A.sub.7 and ye'elimite C.sub.4A.sub.3$ phases being between 0.1 and 10. The binder can be used to treat polluted soils, in particular soils with a leachable fraction greater than 0.4% that contains predominantly anions and/or heavy metal cations by mixing the soil with the hydraulic binder, in soil/binder weight proportions of between 1 and 40 parts of binder for 100 parts of soil. It makes it possible to stabilize soils which are polluted or to stabilize soils before dumping.

A method of preparing a unique foundry premix composition that has a low bulk density of 30-45 lbs/ft.sup.3 and contains fine particles with an average particle size of 85-100 μm is described. The unique foundry premix composition is produced by using specially designed assemblies of mechanical equipment with improved efficiency so that the premix can be prepared at a site closer to a foundry. As a result, increase in premix density caused by handling and shipping across a long distance from a traditional premix manufacturing facility to a foundry can be suppressed; transportation cost can be saved; and safety would be of less concern. The use of the foundry premix composition to prepare a sand molding medium for casting molded articles is also described.

Water-based paint is used as a sacrificial agent to reduce the detrimental effect of carbon-containing fly ash on the entrainment of air in concrete. The invention provides a composition for reducing the effect of carbon contained in fly ash on air entrainment in cementitious mixtures comprising water, cement, fly ash and entrained air. The composition comprises water-based paint and one or more of pulverized or un-pulverized pozzolan, pulverized or un-pulverized cementitious solids, a superplasticizer, a defoamer, an air-entraining admixture, a water-reducing admixture, a retarding admixture, an accelerating admixture, a hydration control admixture and a rheology modifying admixture. The invention also provides a method of reducing the effect of carbon on air entrainment in carbon-containing fly ash, comprising mixing the fly ash with water-based paint.

A grout material for heat transfer according to the present invention comprises a sand particle; and an outer layer coated on the surface of individual sand particle, wherein the outer layer is composed of a mixture of graphite powder and a hydraulic inorganic binder.

A method for producing the grout material for heat transfer according to the present invention comprises the steps of: mixing graphite powder and a hydraulic inorganic binder; coating the mixture of graphite powder and the hydraulic inorganic binder on the outer surface of the sand particles while stirring the sand particles by spraying water; curing the hydraulic inorganic binder on the sand particles on which the mixture of graphite powder and the hydraulic inorganic binder is coated; and drying the sand particles on which the mixture of graphite powder and the hydraulic inorganic binder is coated.

The grout material for heat transfer is mixed with the mixture of water and bentonite powder to form a slurry and is used for a grouting process in which the prepared slurry is injected to give water-proof property to the grout material for heat transfer.

A friction material with reduced storage time is described, comprising a binder composition based on a hydraulic binder and its use in brake pads and industrial applications.

The invention relates to processes for making improved ultra-high performance concrete with plasma-treated inclusions and articles made from the same. The invention includes a process for producing silicon carbide and multiwalled carbon nanotubes by heating agricultural waste husks in an inert atmosphere to a temperature higher than 1300 degrees C. to obtain a mixture containing silicon carbide and MWCNTs, and treating the mixture to extract the silicon carbide and MWCNTs for use as microinclusions in ultra high performance concrete.

A full-depth ultra-thin long-life pavement structure and a construction method thereof are disclosured. The pavement structure is disposed on a subgrade, and the pavement includes from bottom to top: a composite joint layer, a fatigue-resistant layer, a load-bearing layer, a high-strength bonding layer and a skid-resistant wearing layer; the composite joint layer comprises a bottom layer and an upper layer, the bottom layer is a graded gravel layer, and the upper layer is an open-graded large-particle-size water-permeable polyurethane and gravel mixture layer; the fatigue-resistant layer is paved by a skeleton-interlocking structural polyurethane mixture; the load-bearing layer is paved by a suspended-dense typed polyurethane mixture; the high-strength bonding layer is formed by curing a polyurethane-based composite material; the skid-resistant wearing layer is paved by a high-viscosity and high-elasticity modified asphalt mixture.

The invention relates to a composition for forming a casting mold, the composition containing heat-resistant inorganic particles; a waterglass-based binder; a surfactant; a silicon-containing compound; activated carbon powder and grain; and water; and the silicon-containing compound contains at least one of metal silicon and ferrosilicon.