An insulation material formed of a composition, and a method of making an insulation material is provided. The composition forming the insulation material includes magnesium oxide; at least one of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and hydrates thereof; water; a foaming agent; a thickener; and a foam stabilizer. The composition is foamed to promote aeration of the composition to reduce density of the insulation material formed from the composition.

An insulation material formed of a composition, and a method of making an insulation material is provided. The composition forming the insulation material includes magnesium oxide; at least one of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and hydrates thereof; water; a foaming agent; a thickener; and a foam stabilizer. The composition is foamed to promote aeration of the composition to reduce density of the insulation material formed from the composition.

Mining provides our society with many of minerals, metals, and gemstones for a wide variety of applications from mundane items through to expensive jewelry. But the mining operations generate waste and large empty shafts and stopes within the ground. It would beneficial to provide a lightweight material for backfill which can provide safer working conditions for miners as well as advantages in respect of weight reduction, reducing water consumption, rheology improvement and cost minimization. Equally, it would be beneficial for the lightweight backfill material to include mining tailings to reduce the impact external to the mine. However, the inclusion of mine tailings into a foam is counter-intuitive as mine tailings are generally characterized by a high proportion of small particles with sharp edges. However, embodiments of the invention provide just such a foam based mine backfill material.

A foam ink composition for printing porous structures comprises stabilizing particles and gas bubbles dispersed in a solvent. The stabilizing particles comprise a predetermined interfacial energy so as to exhibit a contact angle with the solvent of from about 15 to about 90. At least a portion of the stabilizing particles are positioned at interfacial regions between the solvent and the gas bubbles, thereby stabilizing the gas bubbles in the foam ink composition. A 3D printed hierarchical porous structure comprises one or more continuous filaments arranged in a predetermined pattern on a substrate, the one or more continuous filaments comprising a sintered material and including a porosity of at least about 40 vol. %.

Disclosed is a sand aerated concrete panel pre-embedded with a wire box and a wire conduit and its preparation method. The concrete panel includes a sand aerated concrete panel, a steel bar mesh cage, a wire box and a wire conduit. The steel bar mesh cage includes a plurality of longitudinal main steel bars, a plurality of transverse auxiliary steel bars and a plurality of connecting iron pieces; the wire box and the wire conduit are fixed on the steel bar mesh cage; and the steel bar mesh cage, the wire box and the wire conduit are poured in the sand aerated concrete panel. The disclosure solves the problems of complicated procedures, high cost, environmental pollution caused by dust and noise in the prior art, avoids the potential quality hazards of the panels and wall structures caused by on-site slotting, reduces labor force, intensity and cost.

Disclosed is a sand aerated concrete panel pre-embedded with a wire box and a wire conduit and its preparation method. The concrete panel includes a sand aerated concrete panel, a steel bar mesh cage, a wire box and a wire conduit. The steel bar mesh cage includes a plurality of longitudinal main steel bars, a plurality of transverse auxiliary steel bars and a plurality of connecting iron pieces; the wire box and the wire conduit are fixed on the steel bar mesh cage; and the steel bar mesh cage, the wire box and the wire conduit are poured in the sand aerated concrete panel. The disclosure solves the problems of complicated procedures, high cost, environmental pollution caused by dust and noise in the prior art, avoids the potential quality hazards of the panels and wall structures caused by on-site slotting, reduces labor force, intensity and cost.

Stucco-cement compositions with a shortened drying time, lighter weight, high strength and reduced expansion, the compositions comprising expanded perlite and preferably also calcium aluminate cement and/or calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and methods for making and using these compositions, including pourable and/or pumpable floor underlayment slurries and methods for forming high strength underlayment on different substrates.

Disclosed is a foam modifier, e.g., useful for gypsum or cement slurries. The foam modifier comprises a fatty alcohol that is added to a gypsum or cement slurry that includes foaming agent, such as an alkyl sulfate surfactant. The fatty alcohol can be a C.sub.6-C.sub.16 fatty alcohol in some embodiments. The use of such a foam modifier can be used, for example, to stabilize the foam, reduce waste of foaming agent, improve void size control in the final product, and improve the gypsum board manufacturing process.

Disclosed is a foam modifier, e.g., useful for gypsum or cement slurries. The foam modifier comprises a fatty alcohol that is added to a gypsum or cement slurry that includes foaming agent, such as an alkyl sulfate surfactant. The fatty alcohol can be a C.sub.6-C.sub.16 fatty alcohol in some embodiments. The use of such a foam modifier can be used, for example, to stabilize the foam, reduce waste of foaming agent, improve void size control in the final product, and improve the gypsum board manufacturing process.

Perlite-free, lightweight setting-type joint compounds which comprise calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a dry density of less than 50 lb/ft.sup.3, a foaming agent having a HLB value of at least 10 and preferably comprising an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid having a linear alkyl chain containing 8 to 14 carbons and/or a salt thereof, and a combination of rheology modifiers. Methods for building wallboard assemblies and methods for wall patch and repair projects that include applying the perlite-free, lightweight setting-type joint compounds to a substrate.