A method of forming a cement composition. The method comprises adding to a hydraulic cementitious material a first strength-enhancing agent and a second strength-enhancing agent, wherein the content of total alkali (Na.sub.2O equivalent) in the hydraulic cementitious material is less than or equal to 0.7% by weight of the cementitious material. The first strength-enhancing agent includes a compound represented by structural formula (I): ##STR00001##
and
the second strength-enhancing agent is sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, or a mixture thereof. The example values of the variables in structural formula (I) and the example amounts of the first and second strength-enhancing agents being added are defined herein.

A method of forming a cement composition. The method comprises adding to a hydraulic cementitious material a first strength-enhancing agent and a second strength-enhancing agent, wherein the content of total alkali (Na.sub.2O equivalent) in the hydraulic cementitious material is less than or equal to 0.7% by weight of the cementitious material. The first strength-enhancing agent includes a compound represented by structural formula (I): ##STR00001##
and
the second strength-enhancing agent is sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, or a mixture thereof. The example values of the variables in structural formula (I) and the example amounts of the first and second strength-enhancing agents being added are defined herein.

Synthesis and application of an alcohol amine with an extended main carbon chain are provided, belonging to the field of chemical building materials. Under the action of a catalyst, tertiary amine is subjected to a two-step substitution reaction, a hydrolytic reaction and a reducing reaction to obtain a novel alcohol amine (NAA). The novel alcohol amine as provided may have a better grinding aid effect than triethanolamine while is added into cement as a cement grinding aid, and thus has a wide application prospect.

Synthesis and application of an alcohol amine with an extended main carbon chain are provided, belonging to the field of chemical building materials. Under the action of a catalyst, tertiary amine is subjected to a two-step substitution reaction, a hydrolytic reaction and a reducing reaction to obtain a novel alcohol amine (NAA). The novel alcohol amine as provided may have a better grinding aid effect than triethanolamine while is added into cement as a cement grinding aid, and thus has a wide application prospect.

Processes are disclosed for producing gypsum-based products from a gypsum slurry. Additives or combinations of additives for improving compressive strength, fluidity and/or set time of the gypsum product are mixed in intimate contact with raw gypsum prior to or during grinding and/or flash calcination to form stucco. The stucco is used to prepare a gypsum slurry which is shaped and sets to form the gypsum product.

The invention relates to a process for the wet milling of slag, wherein more than 100 kWh of milling energy are introduced per metric ton of slag and the weight ratio of slag to water is 0.05-4:1 and from 0.005 to 2% by weight, based on the slag, of a milling auxiliary which comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylate ether, phosphated polycondensation product, lignosulfonate, melamine-formaldehyde sulfonate, naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate, monoglycols, diglycols, triglycols and polyglycols, polyalcohols, alkanolamine, amino acids, sugar, molasses and curing accelerators based on calcium silicate hydrate is added to the material being milled before or during the milling.

The invention relates to a process for the wet milling of slag, wherein more than 100 kWh of milling energy are introduced per metric ton of slag and the weight ratio of slag to water is 0.05-4:1 and from 0.005 to 2% by weight, based on the slag, of a milling auxiliary which comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylate ether, phosphated polycondensation product, lignosulfonate, melamine-formaldehyde sulfonate, naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate, monoglycols, diglycols, triglycols and polyglycols, polyalcohols, alkanolamine, amino acids, sugar, molasses and curing accelerators based on calcium silicate hydrate is added to the material being milled before or during the milling.

The present invention relates to a novel cementitious product produced from steelworks slag additivation to obtain material having properties suitable for use in the partial or total clinker replacement for the production of different types of cement. The process, which is also object of this invention, aims to adapt the properties of steelworks slag, by means of thermochemical treatment, including and preferably, but not only, still in the liquid steelworks slag pot, taking advantage of the thermal input of steel processing, to form a greater amount of alite (essential compound to increase pozzolanicity), under controlled conditions. After additivation, preferably, but not exclusively, the additivated steelworks slag is subjected to quenching, comminution and concentration to stabilize the alite fraction, to release the present phases and to remove any excess contaminants, such as metallic iron.

The present invention pertains to the discovery that short chain aliphatic fatty acids, such as potassium sorbate, can be used in liquid-additive grinding compositions in the amount of at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, and most preferably at least 30%, to mill carbonate materials into smaller particle size. The carbonate material can optionally be combined with another inorganic material in the grinding operation, such as limestone, lime, dolomites, talc, titanium dioxide, alumina, and kaolin, ceramics, and cement clinker. The use of the particularly described grinding additive composition are food-grade or food-contact approved, and are believed by the present inventors to resist the humectant behavior of the resultant ground particles which could in herently otherwise decrease efficiency of the particulate grinding process.

Method for grinding a solid in a vertical roller mill (VRM) and a cement composition prepared by the disclosed methods. A method comprises grinding a solid comprising a cement clinker under a water spray in the presence of a grinding stabilizing additive, wherein the grinding stabilizing additive comprises: (i) an alkanol amino acid compound or a disodium or dipotassium salt thereof having the structural formula: (I), (ii) a glycol; or a mixture of (i) and (ii), wherein the water spray level is reduced by at least 5% compared to a control. Cement compositions prepared by the disclosed methods have the pre-hydration level (W.sub.k) equal to or less than 1.5%. The values and preferred values of R.sup.1-3 are disclosed herein.

##STR00001##