Provided herein is a symmetric amino triazine for use as a fuel and ignition source in chemically initiated illuminates or igniters. 3-amino-1,2,4-triazine act as a fuel and generates enough heat on exposure to as little as one drop of one hundred percent nitric acid to spontaneously ignite.

A method for improving the characteristics of energetic materials uses amorphous metals as one or more reactant of said materials. Improvements in properties and energy release characteristics for a wide range of energetic materials are obtained thereby, particularly in terms of processability, mechanical properties, and ignition behavior for solid energetic materials.

An energetic formulation includes graphene oxide functionalized with a molecule containing at least one epoxy group. The graphene oxide may include at least one functional group containing nitrogen between a graphene sheet and the at least one epoxy group. The epoxy group may be sourced from a hydrocarbon compound containing a plurality of epoxy groups. The functionalized graphene oxide may be coated onto ammonium perchlorate. The functionalized graphene oxide is used as a stand-alone energetic material in powder form, mixed as powder in a liquid fuel, or mixed as a powder in a solid fuel.

An energetic formulation includes graphene oxide functionalized with a molecule containing at least one epoxy group. The graphene oxide may include at least one functional group containing nitrogen between a graphene sheet and the at least one epoxy group. The epoxy group may be sourced from a hydrocarbon compound containing a plurality of epoxy groups. The functionalized graphene oxide may be coated onto ammonium perchlorate. The functionalized graphene oxide is used as a stand-alone energetic material in powder form, mixed as powder in a liquid fuel, or mixed as a powder in a solid fuel.

A method of treating a subterranean formation by contacting the formation with the following (a) ammonium bicarbonate; (b) an oxidizing agent selected from a perchlorate or a nitrite or combinations thereof; and (c) an acid (AA).