The present disclosure provides assemblies for producing linear alpha olefins and methods for producing linear alpha olefins. In at least one embodiment, a method for producing a linear alpha olefin includes providing an olefin, a catalyst, and a process solvent to a first tubular reactor; obtaining an effluent from the first tubular reactor; and transferring the effluent to a second tubular reactor. In at least one embodiment, an assembly for producing linear alpha olefins includes a first tubular reactor having a first end and a second end; an effluent line having a first end and a second end, the first end coupled with the second end of the first tubular reactor; and a second tubular reactor having a first end and a second end, the first end coupled with the second end of the effluent line.

The present disclosure provides assemblies for producing linear alpha olefins and methods for producing linear alpha olefins. In at least one embodiment, a method for producing a linear alpha olefin includes providing an olefin, a catalyst, and a process solvent to a reactor under oligomerization conditions; obtaining an effluent produced in the reactor; and transferring the effluent to a solvent-containing portion of a flash drum via a first effluent line coupled with the flash drum. In at least one embodiment, an assembly for producing linear alpha olefins includes a configuration to provide olefin, catalyst and process solvent coupled with a reactor; a flash drum; a first effluent line coupled with the reactor at a first end and coupled with the flash drum at a second end; and a second effluent line coupled with the flash drum at a first end and coupled with the first effluent line at a second end.

Processes for regenerating adsorbent in a nitrile removal zone. The regenerant comprises a stream of hot liquid that may comprise a portion of the oligomerized effluent or a portion of a hydrotreated effluent. A spent regenerant comprising the desorbed nitriles may be processed along with the oligomerized effluent with existing separation equipment.

Processes for regenerating adsorbent in a nitrile removal zone. The regenerant comprises a stream of hot liquid that may comprise a portion of the oligomerized effluent or a portion of a hydrotreated effluent. A spent regenerant comprising the desorbed nitriles may be processed along with the oligomerized effluent with existing separation equipment.

The present disclosure provides methods and materials for oligomerization of lower olefins (e.g., C.sub.2-C.sub.8) to transportations fuels including diesel and/or jet fuel. The oligomerization employs, in certain embodiments, tungstated zirconium catalysts. Surprisingly, the oligomerizations proceed smoothly in high yields and exhibit little to no sensitivity to the presence of significant amounts of oxygenates (e.g., water, lower alcohols such as C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohols) in the feed stream. Accordingly, the present disclosure is uniquely suited to the production of fuels derived from bio-based alcohols, wherein olefins produced from such bio-based alcohols typically contain high levels of oxygenates.

The present disclosure relates generally to processes and systems for producing liquid transportation fuels by converting a feed stream that comprises both isopentane and n-pentane, and optionally, some C6+ hydrocarbons. Isopentane and smaller hydrocarbons are separated to form a first fraction while n-pentane and larger components of the feed stock form a second fraction. Each fraction is then catalytically-activated in a separate reaction zone with a separate catalyst, where the conditions maintained in each zone maximize the conversion of each fraction to olefins and aromatics, while minimizing the production of C1-C4 light paraffins. In certain embodiments, the first fraction is activated at a lower temperature than the second fraction. Certain embodiments additionally comprise mixing at least a portion of the two effluents and contacting with an oligomerization catalyst to provide enhanced yields of aliphatic hydrocarbons that possess the characteristics of a blend component of a liquid transportation fuel or other value-added chemical products.

Systems and methods are provided for production of high octane hydrocarbon from an isoparaffin feed using oxidation acid catalysis chemistry.

Systems and methods are provided for forming alkylate from a tertiary alcohol feed. Olefins for the alkylation reaction can be generated from a portion of the tertiary alcohol feed. The tertiary alcohol feed can be obtained, for example, by selective oxidation to convert a portion of an isoparaffin-containing feed into alcohol, such as conversion of isobutane to t-butyl alcohol. The alcohol can then be converted to an alkene, such as conversion of t-butyl alcohol to isobutene, in the alkylation reaction environment in the presence of a solid acid catalyst. The solid acid catalyst can then facilitate dimerization of the alkenes (e.g. isobutene) to form C.sub.8+ olefins (e.g. isooctene). A catalyst having an MWW framework is an example of a suitable solid acid catalyst.

Systems and methods are provided for forming alkylate from an isoparaffin-containing feed. Olefins for the alkylation reaction can be generated from a portion of the isoparaffin-containing feed. This can be achieved, for example, by using selective oxidation to convert a portion of isoparaffins into alcohol, such as conversion of isobutane to t-butyl alcohol. The alcohol can then be converted to an alkene, such as conversion of t-butyl alcohol to isobutene, in the alkylation reaction environment in the presence of a solid acid catalyst. The solid acid catalyst can then facilitate alkylation of isoparaffin using the in-situ formed alkenes. A catalyst having an MWW framework is an example of a suitable solid acid catalyst.

The invention relates to a process for preparing 1,3-butadiene by means of ene-yne metathesis over at least one transition metal catalyst of the element ruthenium.