The present disclosure provides a modified catalyst, and preparation method and a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons by aromatization of olefins using the modified catalyst. The modified catalyst comprises an acidic molecular sieve and an olefin aromatization active metal component, the total acid amount of the catalyst as measured by NH3-TPD method is not higher than 0.35mmo1/g, and ratio of the strong acid to weak acid is within a range of 0.8-1.2.

The present disclosure provides a modified catalyst, and preparation method and a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons by aromatization of olefins using the modified catalyst. The modified catalyst comprises an acidic molecular sieve and an olefin aromatization active metal component, the total acid amount of the catalyst as measured by NH3-TPD method is not higher than 0.35mmo1/g, and ratio of the strong acid to weak acid is within a range of 0.8-1.2.

A process for producing ethylene and at least one of butanol and an alkyl tert-butyl ether from field butane includes separating the field butane into an n-butane stream and an isobutane stream; cracking the n-butane stream to obtain a cracked product stream comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadienes, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and at least one of the following: (1) separating the cracked product stream to obtain a butane stream and a butene stream, and reacting the butene stream with water to obtain a fuel additive comprising butanol, and (2) dehydrogenating the isobutane stream in a dehydrogenation unit to form an isobutene stream and reacting the isobutene stream with an aliphatic alcohol to produce an alkyl tert-butyl ether.

A process for producing ethylene and at least one of butanol and an alkyl tert-butyl ether from field butane includes separating the field butane into an n-butane stream and an isobutane stream; cracking the n-butane stream to obtain a cracked product stream comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadienes, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and at least one of the following: (1) separating the cracked product stream to obtain a butane stream and a butene stream, and reacting the butene stream with water to obtain a fuel additive comprising butanol, and (2) dehydrogenating the isobutane stream in a dehydrogenation unit to form an isobutene stream and reacting the isobutene stream with an aliphatic alcohol to produce an alkyl tert-butyl ether.

Mixed metal oxide catalysts having an amorphous content of not less than 40 wt. % are prepared by calcining the catalyst precursor fully or partially enclosed by a porous material having a melting temperature greater than 600° C. in an inert container including heating the catalyst precursor at a rate from 0.5 to 10° C. per minute from room temperature to a temperature from 370° C. to 540° C. under a stream of pre heated gas chosen from steam and inert gas and mixtures thereof at a pressure of greater than or equal to 1 psig having a temperature from 300° C. to 540° C. and holding the catalyst precursor at that temperature for at least 2 hours and cooling the catalyst precursor to room temperature.

Mixed metal oxide catalysts having an amorphous content of not less than 40 wt. % are prepared by calcining the catalyst precursor fully or partially enclosed by a porous material having a melting temperature greater than 600° C. in an inert container including heating the catalyst precursor at a rate from 0.5 to 10° C. per minute from room temperature to a temperature from 370° C. to 540° C. under a stream of pre heated gas chosen from steam and inert gas and mixtures thereof at a pressure of greater than or equal to 1 psig having a temperature from 300° C. to 540° C. and holding the catalyst precursor at that temperature for at least 2 hours and cooling the catalyst precursor to room temperature.

Systems and methods for processing a C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 hydrocarbon mixture have been disclosed. The C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 hydrocarbon mixture is first processed in an isomerization unit to isomerize n-butane to form isobutane. The resulting effluent stream from the isomerization unit comprising primarily isobutane and C.sub.3 hydrocarbons, collectively, is flowed into a separation unit configured to separate the effluent stream to form a C.sub.3 stream comprising C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 hydrocarbons and a C.sub.4 stream comprising primarily isobutane. The isobutane in the C.sub.4 stream is further dehydrogenated to form isobutene, which is further flowed into an MTBE synthesis unit as a feedstock for producing MTBE.

Systems and methods for processing a C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 hydrocarbon mixture have been disclosed. The C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 hydrocarbon mixture is first processed in an isomerization unit to isomerize n-butane to form isobutane. The resulting effluent stream from the isomerization unit comprising primarily isobutane and C.sub.3 hydrocarbons, collectively, is flowed into a separation unit configured to separate the effluent stream to form a C.sub.3 stream comprising C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 hydrocarbons and a C.sub.4 stream comprising primarily isobutane. The isobutane in the C.sub.4 stream is further dehydrogenated to form isobutene, which is further flowed into an MTBE synthesis unit as a feedstock for producing MTBE.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to an oxygen-deficient mixed metal perovskite having the formula Sr.sub.xA.sub.1-xFe.sub.yB.sub.1-yO.sub.3-δ, wherein A can be Ca, K, Y, Ba, La, Sm, or any combination thereof; wherein B can be Co, Cu, Mn, Mg, Ni, Ti, or any combination thereof; wherein x is from 0 to 1; wherein y is from 0 to 1; and wherein δ is from 0 to 0.7. Also disclosed are redox catalysts comprising the oxygen-deficient mixed metal perovskites and methods for chemical looping air separation, chemical looping CO.sub.2 splitting, and chemical looping alkane conversion using the disclosed catalysts.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to an oxygen-deficient mixed metal perovskite having the formula Sr.sub.xA.sub.1-xFe.sub.yB.sub.1-yO.sub.3-δ, wherein A can be Ca, K, Y, Ba, La, Sm, or any combination thereof; wherein B can be Co, Cu, Mn, Mg, Ni, Ti, or any combination thereof; wherein x is from 0 to 1; wherein y is from 0 to 1; and wherein δ is from 0 to 0.7. Also disclosed are redox catalysts comprising the oxygen-deficient mixed metal perovskites and methods for chemical looping air separation, chemical looping CO.sub.2 splitting, and chemical looping alkane conversion using the disclosed catalysts.