Methods for preparing isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems from non-isotopically modified 1,4-dienes involve selective oxidation of one or more bis-allylic position(s), or the preparation of isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems via trapping pi-allylic complexes with a source of deuterium or tritium. Such methods are useful for preparing isotopically modified polyunsaturated lipid including polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives.

Methods for preparing isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems from non-isotopically modified 1,4-dienes involve selective oxidation of one or more bis-allylic position(s), or the preparation of isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems via trapping pi-allylic complexes with a source of deuterium or tritium. Such methods are useful for preparing isotopically modified polyunsaturated lipid including polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives.

Methods of producing a 2,4-dienal acetal compound and a 2,4-dienal compound useful as synthesis intermediates of a sex pheromone compound having a conjugated diene structure or a conjugated triene structure. More specifically, a method produces a 2,4-dienal acetal compound of Formula (2): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3), including a step of subjecting a 2-enal acetal compound having a leaving group X at position C5 and being expressed by Formula (1): R.sup.1CHXCH.sub.2CHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3) to an elimination reaction in the presence of a base to obtain the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2); and a method for producing a 2,4-dienal compound of Formula (3): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCHO, further including a step of deprotecting the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2) to obtain the 2,4-dienal compound (3).

Methods of producing a 2,4-dienal acetal compound and a 2,4-dienal compound useful as synthesis intermediates of a sex pheromone compound having a conjugated diene structure or a conjugated triene structure. More specifically, a method produces a 2,4-dienal acetal compound of Formula (2): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3), including a step of subjecting a 2-enal acetal compound having a leaving group X at position C5 and being expressed by Formula (1): R.sup.1CHXCH.sub.2CHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3) to an elimination reaction in the presence of a base to obtain the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2); and a method for producing a 2,4-dienal compound of Formula (3): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCHO, further including a step of deprotecting the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2) to obtain the 2,4-dienal compound (3).

The present invention relates to a catalyst having improved selectivity and reactivity and applied to preparing olefins by dehydrogenating C9 to C13 paraffin, and particularly to a technique for preparing a catalyst, which uses a heat-treated support having controlled pores, and most of metal components contained therein are distributed evenly in a support in the form of an alloy rather than in the form of each separate metal, thereby exhibiting high a conversion rate and selectivity when used in dehydrogenation.

The present invention relates to a catalyst having improved selectivity and reactivity and applied to preparing olefins by dehydrogenating C9 to C13 paraffin, and particularly to a technique for preparing a catalyst, which uses a heat-treated support having controlled pores, and most of metal components contained therein are distributed evenly in a support in the form of an alloy rather than in the form of each separate metal, thereby exhibiting high a conversion rate and selectivity when used in dehydrogenation.

Methods of producing a 2,4-dienal acetal compound and a 2,4-dienal compound useful as synthesis intermediates of a sex pheromone compound having a conjugated diene structure or a conjugated triene structure. More specifically, a method produces a 2,4-dienal acetal compound of Formula (2): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3), including a step of subjecting a 2-enal acetal compound having a leaving group X at position C5 and being expressed by Formula (1): R.sup.1CHXCH.sub.2CHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3) to an elimination reaction in the presence of a base to obtain the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2); and a method for producing a 2,4-dienal compound of Formula (3): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCHO, further including a step of deprotecting the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2) to obtain the 2,4-dienal compound (3).

Methods of producing a 2,4-dienal acetal compound and a 2,4-dienal compound useful as synthesis intermediates of a sex pheromone compound having a conjugated diene structure or a conjugated triene structure. More specifically, a method produces a 2,4-dienal acetal compound of Formula (2): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3), including a step of subjecting a 2-enal acetal compound having a leaving group X at position C5 and being expressed by Formula (1): R.sup.1CHXCH.sub.2CHCHCH(OR.sup.2)(OR.sup.3) to an elimination reaction in the presence of a base to obtain the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2); and a method for producing a 2,4-dienal compound of Formula (3): R.sup.1CHCHCHCHCHO, further including a step of deprotecting the 2,4-dienal acetal compound (2) to obtain the 2,4-dienal compound (3).

The present invention discloses a process to treat a ferrite based catalyst useful in the oxidative dehydrogenation of monololefins and diolefins which process includes a preheat step prior to use of the catalyst in the OXO-D reactor. The catalyst is preferably a zinc ferrite catalyst for the production of butadiene. It has been observed that substantially no nitrogen oxide emissions result from the use of this treated catalyst in the reactor unit during the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction.

The present invention discloses a process to treat a ferrite based catalyst useful in the oxidative dehydrogenation of monololefins and diolefins which process includes a preheat step prior to use of the catalyst in the OXO-D reactor. The catalyst is preferably a zinc ferrite catalyst for the production of butadiene. It has been observed that substantially no nitrogen oxide emissions result from the use of this treated catalyst in the reactor unit during the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction.