The present invention relates to compositions based on F-1230za (1,1,3,3-tetrachloropropene), or on a mixture consisting of F-1230za and F-1230zd (1,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene), the manufacture thereof, and also the use thereof in particular for the production of F-1233zdE (trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene), F-1234zeE (trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene), and/or F-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane).

Disclosed is a fluorination method comprising providing an aryl fluorosulfonate and a fluorinating reagent to a reaction mixture; and reacting the aryl fluorosulfonate and the fluorinating reagent to provide a fluorinated aryl species. Also disclosed is a fluorination method comprising providing, a salt comprising a cation and an aryloxylate, and SO.sub.2F.sub.2 to a reaction mixture; reacting the SO.sub.2F.sub.2 and the ammonium salt to provide a fluorinated aryl species. Further disclosed a fluorination method comprising providing a compound having the structure ArOH to a reaction mixture; where A is an aryl or heteroaryl; providing SO.sub.2F.sub.2 to the reaction mixture; providing a fluorinating reagent to the reaction mixture; reacting the SO.sub.2F.sub.2, the fluorinating reagent and the compound having the structure ArOH to provide a fluorinated aryl species having the structure ArF.

Disclosed is a fluorination method comprising providing an aryl fluorosulfonate and a fluorinating reagent to a reaction mixture; and reacting the aryl fluorosulfonate and the fluorinating reagent to provide a fluorinated aryl species. Also disclosed is a fluorination method comprising providing, a salt comprising a cation and an aryloxylate, and SO.sub.2F.sub.2 to a reaction mixture; reacting the SO.sub.2F.sub.2 and the ammonium salt to provide a fluorinated aryl species. Further disclosed a fluorination method comprising providing a compound having the structure ArOH to a reaction mixture; where A is an aryl or heteroaryl; providing SO.sub.2F.sub.2 to the reaction mixture; providing a fluorinating reagent to the reaction mixture; reacting the SO.sub.2F.sub.2, the fluorinating reagent and the compound having the structure ArOH to provide a fluorinated aryl species having the structure ArF.

A process for producing a chlorinated alkane in which an alkene or an alkane feedstock is contacted with chlorine in a chlorination zone to produce a reaction mixture containing the chlorinated alkane, wherein the chlorine supplied into the chlorination zone has an oxygen content of less than about 2000 ppmv and wherein: the chlorination zone is closed to the atmosphere, and/or the chlorination zone is operated under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure, and/or the chlorination zone is operated under an inert atmosphere, and/or the content of dissolved oxygen in the alkene or alkane feedstock is less than 2000 ppm.

There are provided methods and systems related to use of one or more lanthanide halides in an electrochemical oxidation of metal halide in anolyte where the metal ion is oxidized from lower oxidation state to higher oxidation state at an anode; and then further use of the one or more lanthanide halides and the metal halide with the metal ion in the higher oxidation state in a halogenation reaction of an unsaturated hydrocarbon or a saturated hydrocarbon to form one or more products comprising halohydrocarbon.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cycloalkyl bromide without using heavy metals and the like. The present invention provides a method for producing a compound represented by Formula (2) wherein R represents an optionally substituted C3-C4 cycloalkyl group, by reacting a compound represented by Formula (1) wherein R represents the same meaning as described above, and M represents an alkali metal, with bromine in presence of a radical initiator or under light irradiation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cycloalkyl bromide without using heavy metals and the like. The present invention provides a method for producing a compound represented by Formula (2) wherein R represents an optionally substituted C3-C4 cycloalkyl group, by reacting a compound represented by Formula (1) wherein R represents the same meaning as described above, and M represents an alkali metal, with bromine in presence of a radical initiator or under light irradiation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cycloalkyl bromide without using heavy metals and the like. The present invention provides a method for producing a compound represented by Formula (2) wherein R represents an optionally substituted C3-C4 cycloalkyl group, by reacting a compound represented by Formula (1) wherein R represents the same meaning as described above, and M represents an alkali metal, with bromine in presence of a radical initiator or under light irradiation.

Described herein is method of making a halogenated partially fluorinated compound, comprising: (a) providing a compound having the following structure of formula (I): R.sub.fCFCXY wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; wherein R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms; (b) contacting the compound with at least one of (i) an iodine or bromine containing salt in the presence of an acid; and (ii) aqueous solution of HZ wherein Z is selected from I and Br to form the halogenated partially fluorinated compound of the formula (II): R.sub.fCFHCXYZ wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; Z is selected from I and Br; and R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Described herein is method of making a halogenated partially fluorinated compound, comprising: (a) providing a compound having the following structure of formula (I): R.sub.fCFCXY wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; wherein R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms; (b) contacting the compound with at least one of (i) an iodine or bromine containing salt in the presence of an acid; and (ii) aqueous solution of HZ wherein Z is selected from I and Br to form the halogenated partially fluorinated compound of the formula (II): R.sub.fCFHCXYZ wherein X and Y are independently selected from F and Cl; Z is selected from I and Br; and R.sub.f is a fluorinated monovalent group comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms.