A long life catalyst is provided that is conveniently and inexpensively capable of being produced and that is highly active and has inhibited metal leakage. According to aspects of the present invention, a catalyst is provided that includes: a polymer including a plurality of first structural units and a plurality of second structural units; and metal acting as a catalytic center, wherein at least part of the metal is covered with the polymer, each of the plurality of first structural units has a first atom constituting a main chain of the polymer and a first substituent group bonded to the first atom, a second atom included in each of the plurality of second structural units is bonded to the first atom, and the second atom is different from the first atom, or at least one of all substituent groups on the second atom is different from the first substituent group.

A method for the oxidation of C.sub.1-9-alkanes including providing a mixture of a C.sub.1-9-alkane in a liquid phase, a boron containing reagent, a free radical initiator, and a drying means, and performing an oxidation reaction at a temperature from 130 C. to 180 C. in the presence of oxygen. The drying means may be a drying agent such as a molecular sieve, or a membrane. Also a composition for oxidation of C.sub.1-9-alkanes to sec-C.sub.1-9-alcohols.

A method for the oxidation of C.sub.1-9-alkanes including providing a mixture of a C.sub.1-9-alkane in a liquid phase, a boron containing reagent, a free radical initiator, and a drying means, and performing an oxidation reaction at a temperature from 130 C. to 180 C. in the presence of oxygen. The drying means may be a drying agent such as a molecular sieve, or a membrane. Also a composition for oxidation of C.sub.1-9-alkanes to sec-C.sub.1-9-alcohols.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and a supported transition metal catalystcontaining molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadiumare irradiated with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum, optionally in an oxidizing atmosphere, to form a reduced transition metal catalyst, followed by hydrolyzing the reduced transition metal catalyst to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and a supported transition metal catalystcontaining molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadiumare irradiated with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum, optionally in an oxidizing atmosphere, to form a reduced transition metal catalyst, followed by hydrolyzing the reduced transition metal catalyst to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound.

The present invention relates to a method of producing higher linear alkanes using a combined biotechnological and chemical method. In particular, the present invention relates to producing linear alkanes comprising 7 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably undecane, via higher alkanones, i.e. linear alkanones comprising 7 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably 6-undecanone.

The present invention relates to a method of producing higher linear alkanes using a combined biotechnological and chemical method. In particular, the present invention relates to producing linear alkanes comprising 7 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably undecane, via higher alkanones, i.e. linear alkanones comprising 7 to 28 carbon atoms, preferably 6-undecanone.

This invention relates to macrostructures (and pharmaceutical formulations containing them) that include a parallel coiled-coil structure, wherein the parallel coiled-coil comprises a first coil of Formula I and a second coil of Formula II:

T.sub.1-f.sub.0-g.sub.0-a.sub.1-b.sub.1-c.sub.1-d.sub.1-e.sub.1-f.sub.1-g.sub.1-a.sub.2-b.sub.2-C.sub.2-d.sub.2-e.sub.2-f.sub.2-g.sub.2-a.sub.3-b.sub.3-c.sub.3-d.sub.3-e.sub.3-T.sub.2(I)

T.sub.3-g.sub.0-a.sub.1-b.sub.1-c.sub.1-d.sub.1-e.sub.1-f.sub.1-g.sub.1-a.sub.2-b.sub.2-c.sub.2-d.sub.2-f.sub.2-g.sub.2-a.sub.3-b.sub.3-c.sub.3-d.sub.3-f.sub.3-T.sub.4(II),

as described in the present application. Methods of using these macrostructures are also disclosed.

This invention relates to macrostructures (and pharmaceutical formulations containing them) that include a parallel coiled-coil structure, wherein the parallel coiled-coil comprises a first coil of Formula I and a second coil of Formula II:

T.sub.1-f.sub.0-g.sub.0-a.sub.1-b.sub.1-c.sub.1-d.sub.1-e.sub.1-f.sub.1-g.sub.1-a.sub.2-b.sub.2-C.sub.2-d.sub.2-e.sub.2-f.sub.2-g.sub.2-a.sub.3-b.sub.3-c.sub.3-d.sub.3-e.sub.3-T.sub.2(I)

T.sub.3-g.sub.0-a.sub.1-b.sub.1-c.sub.1-d.sub.1-e.sub.1-f.sub.1-g.sub.1-a.sub.2-b.sub.2-c.sub.2-d.sub.2-f.sub.2-g.sub.2-a.sub.3-b.sub.3-c.sub.3-d.sub.3-f.sub.3-T.sub.4(II),

as described in the present application. Methods of using these macrostructures are also disclosed.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed, and these processes include the steps of forming a supported chromium catalyst comprising chromium in a hexavalent oxidation state, irradiating the hydrocarbon reactant and the supported chromium catalyst with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum to reduce at least a portion of the supported chromium catalyst to form a reduced chromium catalyst, and hydrolyzing the reduced chromium catalyst to form a reaction product comprising the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The supported chromium catalyst can be formed by heat treating a supported chromium precursor, contacting a chromium precursor with a solid support while heat treating, or heat treating a solid support and then contacting a chromium precursor with the solid support.