A process for converting magnesium chloride into magnesium oxide having the steps of: subjecting a magnesium chloride solution to a spray drying step in a spray-drying apparatus at a temperature of 300-475° C., resulting in the formation of a spray-dried product having 10-80 wt. % magnesium oxide and 20-90 wt. % of the total of magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride, subjecting the product of the spray drying step to a roasting step in a roaster at a temperature of 600-900° C. in the presence of water, resulting in the formation of a product having at least 98 wt. % of MgO, and less than 2 wt. % of the total of magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride, wherein the percentages of MgO, magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride, are calculated on the total of MgO, magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride.

A process for converting magnesium chloride into magnesium oxide having the steps of: subjecting a magnesium chloride solution to a spray drying step in a spray-drying apparatus at a temperature of 300-475° C., resulting in the formation of a spray-dried product having 10-80 wt. % magnesium oxide and 20-90 wt. % of the total of magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride, subjecting the product of the spray drying step to a roasting step in a roaster at a temperature of 600-900° C. in the presence of water, resulting in the formation of a product having at least 98 wt. % of MgO, and less than 2 wt. % of the total of magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride, wherein the percentages of MgO, magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride, are calculated on the total of MgO, magnesium hydroxychloride and magnesium chloride.

The present invention relates to molecular isotopic engineering. The present invention relates to a method or process for preparing a target compound of a statistically defined isotopic composition comprising the step of reacting one or more reactant compounds, wherein each reactant compound is of a statistically defined isotopic composition. The reactant compound is reacted in a chemical process or a biological process thereby generating an isotopic mass balance, or further, an isotopic fractionation to produce the target compound. The present invention also relates to a statistically defined isotopic composition of a target compound. The statistically defined isotopic composition comprises an internal marker, and can be used as, for example, a security feature, an identity indicator, or a purity indicator of the target compound.

The present invention relates to molecular isotopic engineering. The present invention relates to a method or process for preparing a target compound of a statistically defined isotopic composition comprising the step of reacting one or more reactant compounds, wherein each reactant compound is of a statistically defined isotopic composition. The reactant compound is reacted in a chemical process or a biological process thereby generating an isotopic mass balance, or further, an isotopic fractionation to produce the target compound. The present invention also relates to a statistically defined isotopic composition of a target compound. The statistically defined isotopic composition comprises an internal marker, and can be used as, for example, a security feature, an identity indicator, or a purity indicator of the target compound.

A process is described for making acrylic acid from dextrose, which comprises fermenting dextrose; removing solids from the resulting fermentation broth; removing lactic acid from the clarified broth by extraction into an organic solvent; separating out the lactic acid-loaded organic solvent while recycling at least a portion of the remainder back to the fermentation step; reacting the lactic acid with ammonia to provide a dehydration feed comprising ammonium lactate while preferably recycling the organic solvent; carrying out a vapor phase dehydration of the ammonium lactate to produce a crude acrylic acid product; and purifying the crude acrylic acid by distillation followed by melt crystallization, chromatography or both melt crystallization and chromatography.

A novel highly stable sodium diacetate crystal, in which the volatilization of acetic acid can be suppressed for a long period. More specifically, a sodium diacetate crystal having a median diameter in the range of 300 to 3000 μm.

The present application pertains to methods for making metal oxides and/or citric acid and/or capturing carbon dioxide. In one embodiment, the application pertains to a process for producing calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, or both from a material comprising calcium and magnesium. The process may include reacting a material comprising calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Separating, concentrating, and calcining may lead to the production of oxides such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide. In other embodiments the application pertains to methods for producing an alkaline-earth oxide and a carboxylic acid from an alkaline earth cation-carboxylic acid anion salt. Such processes may include, for example, reacting an alkaline-earth cation-carboxylic acid anion salt with aqueous sulfur dioxide to produce aqueous alkaline-earth sulfite or bisulfite and an aqueous carboxylic acid solution. Other useful steps may include desorbing, separating, and/or calcining.

The present application pertains to methods for making metal oxides and/or citric acid and/or capturing carbon dioxide. In one embodiment, the application pertains to a process for producing calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, or both from a material comprising calcium and magnesium. The process may include reacting a material comprising calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Separating, concentrating, and calcining may lead to the production of oxides such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide. In other embodiments the application pertains to methods for producing an alkaline-earth oxide and a carboxylic acid from an alkaline earth cation-carboxylic acid anion salt. Such processes may include, for example, reacting an alkaline-earth cation-carboxylic acid anion salt with aqueous sulfur dioxide to produce aqueous alkaline-earth sulfite or bisulfite and an aqueous carboxylic acid solution. Other useful steps may include desorbing, separating, and/or calcining.

The present application pertains to methods for making metal oxides and/or citric acid and/or capturing carbon dioxide. In one embodiment, the application pertains to a process for producing calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, or both from a material comprising calcium and magnesium. The process may include reacting a material comprising calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Separating, concentrating, and calcining may lead to the production of oxides such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide. In other embodiments the application pertains to methods for producing an alkaline-earth oxide and a carboxylic acid from an alkaline earth cation-carboxylic acid anion salt. Such processes may include, for example, reacting an alkaline-earth cation-carboxylic acid anion salt with aqueous sulfur dioxide to produce aqueous alkaline-earth sulfite or bisulfite and an aqueous carboxylic acid solution. Other useful steps may include desorbing, separating, and/or calcining.

The present disclosure provides methods for isolating a long chain dicarboxylic acid such as a substantially pure or pure long chain dicarboxylic acid from a fermentation broth containing microbial cells.