Present invention relates to a process and an installation (100) for the preparation of hydrogen cyanide by the Andrussow process, and more precisely for improving the conditions of mixing the reactant gases before feeding the Andrussow type reactor (60), in order to improve safety, to avoid any risk of explosion and to produce HCN in safe and efficient manner. The installation is configured in such a manner that oxygen is pre-mixed with air with a ratio comprised between 20.95% and 32.5% by volume, preferably between 25% and 30.5% by volume; methane containing gas and ammonia are simultaneously added in the pre-mixture of oxygen-enriched air in such a manner that the volumic ratio of methane to ammonia is comprised between 1.35 and 1.02 depending on the content of oxygen into air; said obtained reactant gases mixture having a temperature comprised between 80 C. and 120 C., preferably between 95 C. and 115 C. for feeding the Andrussow type reactor (60).

Present invention relates to a process and an installation (100) for the preparation of hydrogen cyanide by the Andrussow process, and more precisely for improving the conditions of mixing the reactant gases before feeding the Andrussow type reactor (60), in order to improve safety, to avoid any risk of explosion and to produce HCN in safe and efficient manner. The installation is configured in such a manner that oxygen is pre-mixed with air with a ratio comprised between 20.95% and 32.5% by volume, preferably between 25% and 30.5% by volume; methane containing gas and ammonia are simultaneously added in the pre-mixture of oxygen-enriched air in such a manner that the volumic ratio of methane to ammonia is comprised between 1.35 and 1.02 depending on the content of oxygen into air; said obtained reactant gases mixture having a temperature comprised between 80 C. and 120 C., preferably between 95 C. and 115 C. for feeding the Andrussow type reactor (60).

A solid-supported palladium(II) complex which catalyzes the Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction efficiently and a method of employing the solid-supported palladium(II) complex to synthesize cinnamic acid and derivatives thereof. The solid-supported palladium(II) complex is also stable and can be recycled without significantly losing catalytic activity.

A solid-supported palladium(II) complex which catalyzes the Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction efficiently and a method of employing the solid-supported palladium(II) complex to synthesize cinnamic acid and derivatives thereof. The solid-supported palladium(II) complex is also stable and can be recycled without significantly losing catalytic activity.

A method of preventing polymer tar build-up in ACH production of MAA and/or MMA is described. The method is characterised in that one or more surfactants are contacted with the hydrolysis and optional esterification stage reaction medium, the said surfactants are selected from: a) C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alcohol ethoxylates with an average of 5 to 100 ethylene oxide units per molecule; b) alkyl, hydrogen, O[CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O].sub.xH and/or O[CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O].sub.x H N-substituted alkylene di- or triamines with an average of 1 to 30 total ethylene oxide and propylene oxide repeating units per molecule and wherein x and x are from 1 to 30; and c) C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alcohol ethoxylate, propoxylates with an average of 5 to 100 total propylene oxide and ethylene oxide units per molecule, which units may be in a random, block or alternating sequence or may be a combination thereof. The method is particularly useful for preventing build-up of oligomer and polymer tar-like deposits in reaction vessels, process equipment, pipework or other parts of the acetone cyanohydrin MMA and MAA production process.

A method of preventing polymer tar build-up in ACH production of MAA and/or MMA is described. The method is characterised in that one or more surfactants are contacted with the hydrolysis and optional esterification stage reaction medium, the said surfactants are selected from: a) C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alcohol ethoxylates with an average of 5 to 100 ethylene oxide units per molecule; b) alkyl, hydrogen, O[CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O].sub.xH and/or O[CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O].sub.x H N-substituted alkylene di- or triamines with an average of 1 to 30 total ethylene oxide and propylene oxide repeating units per molecule and wherein x and x are from 1 to 30; and c) C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alcohol ethoxylate, propoxylates with an average of 5 to 100 total propylene oxide and ethylene oxide units per molecule, which units may be in a random, block or alternating sequence or may be a combination thereof. The method is particularly useful for preventing build-up of oligomer and polymer tar-like deposits in reaction vessels, process equipment, pipework or other parts of the acetone cyanohydrin MMA and MAA production process.

A method of preventing polymer tar build-up in ACH production of MAA and/or MMA is described. The method is characterised in that one or more surfactants are contacted with the hydrolysis and optional esterification stage reaction medium, the said surfactants are selected from: a) C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alcohol ethoxylates with an average of 5 to 100 ethylene oxide units per molecule; b) alkyl, hydrogen, O[CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O].sub.xH and/or O[CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O].sub.x H N-substituted alkylene di- or triamines with an average of 1 to 30 total ethylene oxide and propylene oxide repeating units per molecule and wherein x and x are from 1 to 30; and c) C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alcohol ethoxylate, propoxylates with an average of 5 to 100 total propylene oxide and ethylene oxide units per molecule, which units may be in a random, block or alternating sequence or may be a combination thereof. The method is particularly useful for preventing build-up of oligomer and polymer tar-like deposits in reaction vessels, process equipment, pipework or other parts of the acetone cyanohydrin MMA and MAA production process.

The invention features methods and compositions for the synthesis of multimerizing agents.

The invention features methods and compositions for the synthesis of multimerizing agents.

The invention features methods and compositions for the synthesis of multimerizing agents.