The invention relates to a novel class of (S)-3′-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives and (±)-3′-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives, and methods of synthesizing the derivatives.

The invention relates to a novel class of (S)-3′-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives and (±)-3′-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives, and methods of synthesizing the derivatives.

The present invention relates to an acrylic acid production equipment which includes a raw material gasification apparatus for converting liquefied propylene into a propylene gas; an oxidation reaction apparatus for converting the propylene gas into crude acrylic acid; and a purification apparatus for converting the crude acrylic acid into acrylic acid, wherein the raw material gasification apparatus includes a heating apparatus in the inside thereof and also includes a heating apparatus in the periphery including at least a bottom of the raw material gasification apparatus, by which not only energy can be effectively utilized, but also it is possible to achieve a stopping operation efficiently and within a short time.

The present invention relates to an acrylic acid production equipment which includes a raw material gasification apparatus for converting liquefied propylene into a propylene gas; an oxidation reaction apparatus for converting the propylene gas into crude acrylic acid; and a purification apparatus for converting the crude acrylic acid into acrylic acid, wherein the raw material gasification apparatus includes a heating apparatus in the inside thereof and also includes a heating apparatus in the periphery including at least a bottom of the raw material gasification apparatus, by which not only energy can be effectively utilized, but also it is possible to achieve a stopping operation efficiently and within a short time.

The present invention relates to a photocatalyst device obtained by thin film making on solid surfaces, wherein the device comprises of titania, optionally in the form of composite with noble or transition metal(s) or metal oxides. This device (FIG. 1) is evaluated in direct sunlight for hydrogen generation (FIG. 4) and oxidation of alcohols (Table 3) using aqueous alcohol solution through water splitting and simultaneously oxidizing alcohol to oxygenated products.

The present invention relates to a photocatalyst device obtained by thin film making on solid surfaces, wherein the device comprises of titania, optionally in the form of composite with noble or transition metal(s) or metal oxides. This device (FIG. 1) is evaluated in direct sunlight for hydrogen generation (FIG. 4) and oxidation of alcohols (Table 3) using aqueous alcohol solution through water splitting and simultaneously oxidizing alcohol to oxygenated products.

Processes for separating a di-carboxylic acid or salt thereof from a mixture containing the di-carboxylic acid or salt thereof and one or more other components are provided. Also separation media useful for these separation processes is provided. In particular, processes for preparing an aldaric acid are described, such as glucaric acid from glucose, which includes separating the aldaric acid from the reaction product. Also, various glucaric acid products are described.

Processes for producing 2,5-dichlorophenol and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid are described. Various processes for isomerizing 2,4-dichlorophenol over a zeolite catalyst to form 2,5-dichlorophenol are provided. Processes for preparing 2,5-dichlorophenol including hydroxylating 1,4-dichlorobenzene are also described. The present invention also relates to processes for producing 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid.

Processes for producing 2,5-dichlorophenol and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid are described. Various processes for isomerizing 2,4-dichlorophenol over a zeolite catalyst to form 2,5-dichlorophenol are provided. Processes for preparing 2,5-dichlorophenol including hydroxylating 1,4-dichlorobenzene are also described. The present invention also relates to processes for producing 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid.

The present invention provides a process for the production of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid comprising the catalytic oxidation of a hydrocarbon precursor in an organic solvent, comprising the steps of: i) separating a vent gas from an oxidation stage into an organic solvent-rich liquid stream and a water-rich vapour stream in a distillation stage; and ii) separating an aqueous purific ation mother liquor comprising organic compounds from purified aromatic dicarboxylic acid crystals in a separation stage, characterised in that the process further comprises the steps of: iii) transferring the aqueous purification mother liquor from the separation stage to an extraction stage; iv) extracting said organic compounds from the aqueous purification mother liquor by contacting the aqueous purification mother liquor at a temperature of at least 90° C. with an organic liquid in the extraction stage to form an aqueous phase and an organic phase, wherein the concentration of said organic compounds in the aqueous phase is lower than the concentra tion of said organic compounds in the aqueous purification mother liquor; and v) transferring the aqueous phase to said distillation stage. The present invention further provides an apparatus for carrying out the process.