The disclosure provides methods of synthesizing very long chain fatty acids, including deuterated very long chain fatty acids. The fatty acids can by polyunsaturated fatty acids. The methods include the step of reacting a protected leaving group (L)-substituted saturated aliphatic group with a halo-substituted unsaturated aliphatic group to form a protected aliphatic group. The protected aliphatic group is deprotected to form an alcohol. The alcohol is then oxidized, thereby forming a very long chain fatty acid.

The disclosure provides methods of synthesizing very long chain fatty acids, including deuterated very long chain fatty acids. The fatty acids can by polyunsaturated fatty acids. The methods include the step of reacting a protected leaving group (L)-substituted saturated aliphatic group with a halo-substituted unsaturated aliphatic group to form a protected aliphatic group. The protected aliphatic group is deprotected to form an alcohol. The alcohol is then oxidized, thereby forming a very long chain fatty acid.

Various embodiments of this invention are directed to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating disease. The compositions of such embodiments include reversible nitroxide derivatives of nitroalkenes. The methods of various embodiments include administering an effective amount of any of these pharmaceutical compositions to a patient in need of treatment.

A process includes forming a bio-derived crosslinking material from biorenewable aconitic acid. The process includes initiating a chemical reaction to form a bio-derived crosslinking material that includes multiple functional groups. The chemical reaction includes converting each carboxylic acid group of a biorenewable aconitic acid molecule to one of the multiple functional groups.

A process includes forming a bio-derived crosslinking material from biorenewable aconitic acid. The process includes initiating a chemical reaction to form a bio-derived crosslinking material that includes multiple functional groups. The chemical reaction includes converting each carboxylic acid group of a biorenewable aconitic acid molecule to one of the multiple functional groups.

The present invention relates to a process for producing ethyl esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids, comprising transesterifying triacylglycerols in extracted plant lipid.

There are provided ester polyols prepared from the esterification of ozone acids and branched primary polyols. There are also provided ester polyol esters prepared from an ester polyol of the invention and further esterifying the ester polyol with at least one carboxylic acid to produce at least one ester polyol ester. There are also provided rigid or flexible foams prepared using the ester polyols and/or ester polyol esters of the invention. There is also provided a coating prepared from the ester polyols and/or ester polyols esters of the invention.

There are provided ester polyols prepared from the esterification of ozone acids and branched primary polyols. There are also provided ester polyol esters prepared from an ester polyol of the invention and further esterifying the ester polyol with at least one carboxylic acid to produce at least one ester polyol ester. There are also provided rigid or flexible foams prepared using the ester polyols and/or ester polyol esters of the invention. There is also provided a coating prepared from the ester polyols and/or ester polyols esters of the invention.

The present invention regards new adipate-type compounds suitable as an intermediate in organic chemistry, a platform chemical for the production of other chemicals, and as a monomer and co-monomer useful for the preparation of polymers and copolymers. The invention also regards the process of preparing the new adipate-type compounds from bio-based raw materials such as sugars.

The present invention relates to extracted plant lipid, comprising fatty acids in an esterified form.