Alkoxylated hydroxycarboxylic acids are provided herein, as well as uses thereof and a process for production thereof.

The present invention concerns a process of oxidizing an alcohol for the production of its corresponding carbonyl compounds wherein the oxidation is performed with oxygen or gases containing oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least a gold compound and a copper compound. Said alcohol oxidation by gaseous oxidant can achieve a high yield and selectivity with minimized degradation products or waste organic solvents.

The present invention concerns a process of oxidizing an alcohol for the production of its corresponding carbonyl compounds wherein the oxidation is performed with oxygen or gases containing oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least a gold compound and a copper compound. Said alcohol oxidation by gaseous oxidant can achieve a high yield and selectivity with minimized degradation products or waste organic solvents.

The present invention concerns a process of oxidizing an alcohol for the production of its corresponding carbonyl compounds wherein the oxidation is performed with oxygen or gases containing oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least a gold compound and a copper compound. Said alcohol oxidation by gaseous oxidant can achieve a high yield and selectivity with minimized degradation products or waste organic solvents.

The invention comprises a new process for the preparation of GalNAc derivatives of the formula I ##STR00001## wherein n is an integer between 0 and 10 and its salts, corresponding enantiomers and/or optical isomers thereof. The GalNAc acid derivative of formula I can be used for the preparation of therapeutically valuable GalNAc oligonucleotide conjugates.

The invention comprises a new process for the preparation of GalNAc derivatives of the formula I ##STR00001## wherein n is an integer between 0 and 10 and its salts, corresponding enantiomers and/or optical isomers thereof. The GalNAc acid derivative of formula I can be used for the preparation of therapeutically valuable GalNAc oligonucleotide conjugates.

An object of the present invention is to conduct a search for a compound to be arranged at a terminal of a peptide nucleic acid effective in detecting a single nucleotide polymorphism. Provided is a tolan compound represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 represents a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, the phenyl group may have 1 to 5 substituents that are identical to or different from each other, and the naphthyl group may have 1 to 7 substituents that are identical to or different from each other.

An object of the present invention is to conduct a search for a compound to be arranged at a terminal of a peptide nucleic acid effective in detecting a single nucleotide polymorphism. Provided is a tolan compound represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 represents a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, the phenyl group may have 1 to 5 substituents that are identical to or different from each other, and the naphthyl group may have 1 to 7 substituents that are identical to or different from each other.

The authors of the present invention describe compounds derived from or structures related to clavulanic acid and the medical uses thereof. The invention also relates to a composition, a dosage form, a kit or device, and the uses of same.

A process for producing a perfluoropolyether acyl fluoride which includes reducing a peroxyperfluoropolyether by using a formyl group-containing compound in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.