The present invention relates to a preparation method of 4-isopropylamino-1-butanol, in which using cheap and readily available tetrahydrofuran and acetic acid solution of hydrogen bromide as starting materials to prepare a novel intermediate of 4-isopropylamino-1-acetoxyl butane and further obtain the target product. The present invention has advantages of convenient process operations, mild reaction conditions, economical and environment-friendly benefits, and suitability for industrial production to obtain the product with high purity and high yield.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of 4-isopropylamino-1-butanol, in which using cheap and readily available tetrahydrofuran and acetic acid solution of hydrogen bromide as starting materials to prepare a novel intermediate of 4-isopropylamino-1-acetoxyl butane and further obtain the target product. The present invention has advantages of convenient process operations, mild reaction conditions, economical and environment-friendly benefits, and suitability for industrial production to obtain the product with high purity and high yield.

Disclosed herein are compounds, including cardanol derivates based upon cashew nut shell liquid, of the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3; R.sub.2 is a C.sub.? alkyl chain having a number of H atoms defined by the expression X (2Y+1); wherein Y is from 9 to 15 and X is from 0.93 to 1.0; R.sub.3 is H or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl chain, or H or CH.sub.3; and m is from 3 to 9, or from 3 to 8. Also described and claimed are various compositions, including UV-curable compositions, containing the compounds elsewhere disclosed. Yet further described and claimed are methods of preparing the compounds, compositions, and/or mixtures elsewhere described and claimed.

Disclosed herein are compounds, including cardanol derivates based upon cashew nut shell liquid, of the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3; R.sub.2 is a C.sub.? alkyl chain having a number of H atoms defined by the expression X (2Y+1); wherein Y is from 9 to 15 and X is from 0.93 to 1.0; R.sub.3 is H or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl chain, or H or CH.sub.3; and m is from 3 to 9, or from 3 to 8. Also described and claimed are various compositions, including UV-curable compositions, containing the compounds elsewhere disclosed. Yet further described and claimed are methods of preparing the compounds, compositions, and/or mixtures elsewhere described and claimed.

The present invention provides a plasticizer for a vinyl chloride resin including an ester compound (A1) represented by General Formula (1):

##STR00001##

(in the formula, L's each represent an aliphatic oxycarboxylic acid residue having 3 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic ester residue having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.1's each represent an alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.2's each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a represents a repeating number of the L, provided that the total of the plural a's is from 1 to 10, and x is an integer of 2 to 4), in order to provide a plasticizer for a vinyl chloride which has excellent compatibility with vinyl chloride resins and with which a vinyl chloride resin composition capable of providing a molded article having excellent freeze resistance and heat resistance can be obtained.

The present invention provides a plasticizer for a vinyl chloride resin including an ester compound (A1) represented by General Formula (1):

##STR00001##

(in the formula, L's each represent an aliphatic oxycarboxylic acid residue having 3 to 18 carbon atoms or a cyclic ester residue having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.1's each represent an alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.2's each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a represents a repeating number of the L, provided that the total of the plural a's is from 1 to 10, and x is an integer of 2 to 4), in order to provide a plasticizer for a vinyl chloride which has excellent compatibility with vinyl chloride resins and with which a vinyl chloride resin composition capable of providing a molded article having excellent freeze resistance and heat resistance can be obtained.

The present invention relates to a method for the chemical conversion of an unsaturated fatty acid, particularly a carbon chain extension reaction. According to the present invention, a method for extending the length of a carbon chain in an unsaturated fatty acid by two carbon atoms is provided, said method comprising a step of heating a malonic acid ester derivative of an unsaturated fatty acid to reflux in a lower fatty acid solution in the presence of an antioxidative agent. It is preferred that the unsaturated fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid having 16 to 24 carbon atoms. It is preferred that the unsaturated fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, stearidonic acid, icosatetraenoic acid, icosapentaenoic acid, tetracosahexaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. According to the method of the present invention, a carbon chain extension reaction can be completed within a shorter time.

The present invention relates to a method for the chemical conversion of an unsaturated fatty acid, particularly a carbon chain extension reaction. According to the present invention, a method for extending the length of a carbon chain in an unsaturated fatty acid by two carbon atoms is provided, said method comprising a step of heating a malonic acid ester derivative of an unsaturated fatty acid to reflux in a lower fatty acid solution in the presence of an antioxidative agent. It is preferred that the unsaturated fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid having 16 to 24 carbon atoms. It is preferred that the unsaturated fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, stearidonic acid, icosatetraenoic acid, icosapentaenoic acid, tetracosahexaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. According to the method of the present invention, a carbon chain extension reaction can be completed within a shorter time.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of 4-isopropylamino-1-butanol, in which using cheap and readily available tetrahydrofuran and acetic acid solution of hydrogen bromide as starting materials to prepare a novel intermediate of 4-isopropylamino-1-acetoxyl butane and further obtain the target product. The present invention has advantages of convenient process operations, mild reaction conditions, economical and environment-friendly benefits, and suitability for industrial production to obtain the product with high purity and high yield.

The present invention relates to a preparation method of 4-isopropylamino-1-butanol, in which using cheap and readily available tetrahydrofuran and acetic acid solution of hydrogen bromide as starting materials to prepare a novel intermediate of 4-isopropylamino-1-acetoxyl butane and further obtain the target product. The present invention has advantages of convenient process operations, mild reaction conditions, economical and environment-friendly benefits, and suitability for industrial production to obtain the product with high purity and high yield.