Methods for preparing isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems from non-isotopically modified 1,4-dienes involve selective oxidation of one or more bis-allylic position(s), or the preparation of isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems via trapping pi-allylic complexes with a source of deuterium or tritium. Such methods are useful for preparing isotopically modified polyunsaturated lipid including polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives.

Methods for preparing isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems from non-isotopically modified 1,4-dienes involve selective oxidation of one or more bis-allylic position(s), or the preparation of isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems via trapping pi-allylic complexes with a source of deuterium or tritium. Such methods are useful for preparing isotopically modified polyunsaturated lipid including polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives.

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of Docosanol (I). More particularly, the invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of Docosanol (I) in a substantially pure form with a purity level of greater than 99.5%. The invention also relates to novel crystalline forms of Docosanol (I) and process for preparation thereof. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of Docosanol (I). More particularly, the invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of Docosanol (I) in a substantially pure form with a purity level of greater than 99.5%. The invention also relates to novel crystalline forms of Docosanol (I) and process for preparation thereof. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of Docosanol (I). More particularly, the invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of Docosanol (I) in a substantially pure form with a purity level of greater than 99.5%. The invention also relates to novel crystalline forms of Docosanol (I) and process for preparation thereof. ##STR00001##

The present teachings disclose contacting an amine salt catalyst with a dicarbonyl compound having an alkylene group between the carbonyl group; adding formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, or formalin in an amount of about 2:1 to about 3:1 moles of formaldehyde to moles of the dicarbonyl compound to form a mixture; and refluxing the mixture. The process forms a carbonyl-substituted alkene. The process may be performed in the absence of a solvent. The process may form methylene malonates, methylene dimalonates, methylene keto malonamides, methylene diketones, methylene keto esters, and the like.

The present teachings disclose contacting an amine salt catalyst with a dicarbonyl compound having an alkylene group between the carbonyl group; adding formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, or formalin in an amount of about 2:1 to about 3:1 moles of formaldehyde to moles of the dicarbonyl compound to form a mixture; and refluxing the mixture. The process forms a carbonyl-substituted alkene. The process may be performed in the absence of a solvent. The process may form methylene malonates, methylene dimalonates, methylene keto malonamides, methylene diketones, methylene keto esters, and the like.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing p-hydroxycinnamate by using an ionic liquid for catalytic lignin depolymerization comprising: 1) preparation of a halogen metal-based ionic liquid: preparing the halogen metal-based ionic liquid by reacting an alkylimidazole chloride with a metal chloride by heating the same to 30 C. to 80 C. with stirring; and 2) catalytic depolymerization of lignin: mixing the halogen metal-based ionic liquid and lignin with an alcohol, and after N.sub.2 replacement, heating the solution to 140 C. to 200 C. and reacting the solution for 4-8 h while stirring to prepare high value-added chemicals with p-hydroxycinnamate as a main product. The present invention has advantages of a simple process, mild conditions, environmental kindness, and high selectivity for a main product. The ionic liquid is simple in preparation, has a good atom economy, and is recyclable. Under optimal conditions, the yield of p-hydroxycinnamate can reach 40-80 mg/g.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing p-hydroxycinnamate by using an ionic liquid for catalytic lignin depolymerization comprising: 1) preparation of a halogen metal-based ionic liquid: preparing the halogen metal-based ionic liquid by reacting an alkylimidazole chloride with a metal chloride by heating the same to 30 C. to 80 C. with stirring; and 2) catalytic depolymerization of lignin: mixing the halogen metal-based ionic liquid and lignin with an alcohol, and after N.sub.2 replacement, heating the solution to 140 C. to 200 C. and reacting the solution for 4-8 h while stirring to prepare high value-added chemicals with p-hydroxycinnamate as a main product. The present invention has advantages of a simple process, mild conditions, environmental kindness, and high selectivity for a main product. The ionic liquid is simple in preparation, has a good atom economy, and is recyclable. Under optimal conditions, the yield of p-hydroxycinnamate can reach 40-80 mg/g.

Methods for preparing isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems from non-isotopically modified 1,4-dienes involve selective oxidation of one or more bis-allylic position(s), or the preparation of isotopically modified 1,4-diene systems via trapping pi-allylic complexes with a source of deuterium or tritium. Such methods are useful for preparing isotopically modified polyunsaturated lipid including polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives.