The oxidation of isobutyraldehyde produces isobutyric acid and byproducts, such as isopropyl formate. A process of reducing the isopropyl formate byproduct and other byproducts in the oxidation of isobutyraldehyde is described. The process uses a carbonyl compound, such as acetone, to reduce byproduct levels in the resulting product. Process for use of static mixers in oxidation reactions of aldehydes are also provided.

A process for the preparation of MMA via oxidative esterification in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium, bismuth, and antimony.

A process for the preparation of MMA via oxidative esterification in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium, bismuth, and antimony.

Valorization methods herein relate to undesired by-products containing compounds including the optical isometry D, in particular D-lactic acid and D-lactic acid esters. An illustrative valorization method is disclosed wherein a flux containing undesired D-lactic acid and/or undesired D-lactic acid ester(s) is subjected to a treatment in order to selectively separate a fraction rich in L-lactic acid and/or L-lactic acid ester(s) from a fraction containing D-lactic acid and/or D-lactic acid ester(s), thereby improving the efficiency of the production of L-PLA.

Valorization methods herein relate to undesired by-products containing compounds including the optical isometry D, in particular D-lactic acid and D-lactic acid esters. An illustrative valorization method is disclosed wherein a flux containing undesired D-lactic acid and/or undesired D-lactic acid ester(s) is subjected to a treatment in order to selectively separate a fraction rich in L-lactic acid and/or L-lactic acid ester(s) from a fraction containing D-lactic acid and/or D-lactic acid ester(s), thereby improving the efficiency of the production of L-PLA.

Process for catalytic oxidative esterification of methacrolein with methanol and oxygen to methyl methacrylate in the presence of a heterogeneous egg-shell catalyst comprising gold metal and an oxide of at least one second element selected from Ni, Co, Fe, Zn and/or Ti supported on a support material comprising SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and at least one basic element oxide, characterized in that the process is carried out in the presence of at least one compound, comprising Ni, Co, Fe, Zn and/or Ti, which is soluble in the reaction mixture under process conditions.

Process for catalytic oxidative esterification of methacrolein with methanol and oxygen to methyl methacrylate in the presence of a heterogeneous egg-shell catalyst comprising gold metal and an oxide of at least one second element selected from Ni, Co, Fe, Zn and/or Ti supported on a support material comprising SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and at least one basic element oxide, characterized in that the process is carried out in the presence of at least one compound, comprising Ni, Co, Fe, Zn and/or Ti, which is soluble in the reaction mixture under process conditions.

The invention relates to a novel class of (S)-3-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives and ()-3-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives, and methods of synthesizing the derivatives.

The present application relates to a compound of the following formula (I) ##STR00001## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent independently of each other H or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) alkyl group, the total sum of the number of carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 being equal to 6+4x, x being a whole number of between 1 and 6, provided that: at most two of the groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, R.sup.5 represents H, OR, or NRR R, R and R, identical or different, represent H, a (C1-C10) alkyl group, at least one of groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 or R.sup.4 comprises or is a tertiobutyl group. (I) the method for preparing same and the uses thereof as a plasticising lubricant, surfactant or in a cosmetic composition.

The present application relates to a compound of the following formula (I) ##STR00001## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent independently of each other H or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) alkyl group, the total sum of the number of carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 being equal to 6+4x, x being a whole number of between 1 and 6, provided that: at most two of the groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, R.sup.5 represents H, OR, or NRR R, R and R, identical or different, represent H, a (C1-C10) alkyl group, at least one of groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 or R.sup.4 comprises or is a tertiobutyl group. (I) the method for preparing same and the uses thereof as a plasticising lubricant, surfactant or in a cosmetic composition.