Novel processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I-2 substantially free of the 5,6-trans isomer: ##STR00001##
wherein ##STR00002##
R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are as defined in the specification are provided. Novel intermediates for the preparations of isomer free Prostaglandins and derivatives thereof are also provided.

The present invention relates to artemisinic acid glycoconjugate compounds. More particularly, the present invention relates to a glycoconjugate compound of formula (I) and a process for the preparation of artemisinic acid glycoconjugate compound of formula (I) by using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition chemistry starting from artemisinic acid.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to artemisinic acid glycoconjugate compounds. More particularly, the present invention relates to a glycoconjugate compound of formula (I) and a process for the preparation of artemisinic acid glycoconjugate compound of formula (I) by using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition chemistry starting from artemisinic acid.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to methods of activate an isoform of protein kinase C (PKC) for the treatment of neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease and stroke using cyclopropanated or epoxidized derivatives of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The present invention also relates to methods of reducing neurodegeneration using cyclopropanated or epoxidized derivatives of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The present invention relates to methods of activate an isoform of protein kinase C (PKC) for the treatment of neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease and stroke using cyclopropanated or epoxidized derivatives of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The present invention also relates to methods of reducing neurodegeneration using cyclopropanated or epoxidized derivatives of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Disclosed are a compound represented by formula (I), a resin including a structural unit derived from the compound, and a resist composition:

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group which may have a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; A.sup.1 represents a single bond or *-A.sup.2-COO; A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 represent an alkanediyl group; W represents a divalent monocyclic saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom, etc., R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, CH.sub.2 in the group may be replaced by O, S, etc., R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, or R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be bonded each other to form a ring which may have a fluorine atom or an alkyl group.

Disclosed are a compound represented by formula (I), a resin including a structural unit derived from the compound, and a resist composition:

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group which may have a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; A.sup.1 represents a single bond or *-A.sup.2-COO; A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 represent an alkanediyl group; W represents a divalent monocyclic saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom, etc., R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, CH.sub.2 in the group may be replaced by O, S, etc., R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, or R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be bonded each other to form a ring which may have a fluorine atom or an alkyl group.

Provided herein are methods and intermediates for making (1R,2R,5R)-5-amino-2-methylcyclohexanol hydrochloride, which are useful for the preparation of compounds useful for the treatment of a disease, disorder, or condition associated with the JNK pathway.

Provided herein are methods and intermediates for making (1R,2R,5R)-5-amino-2-methylcyclohexanol hydrochloride, which are useful for the preparation of compounds useful for the treatment of a disease, disorder, or condition associated with the JNK pathway.

A process of preparing compounds of general formula I, ##STR00001##
by cuprate coupling of a vinyl cuprate of general formula II ##STR00002##
with a protected enone of general formula IV ##STR00003##
to produce a compound of general formula (V) ##STR00004##
removing the protecting groups of the compound of general formula (V) and purifying the compound of general formula (I) by chromatography; wherein the vinyl cuprate of formula (II) is prepared by reacting a vinyl stannane of formula III with copper halide CuX and alkyllithium R1Li ##STR00005##
and wherein an excess of the alkyllithium is decomposed before the said coupling reaction.