The present disclosure discloses a novel compound, 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, a method for preparing the same and use of the same, and in particular, a compound of formula I, use of the compound of formula I, optically pure isomers of the compound, a mixture of enantiomers in any ratio, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in preparing health food and drug for relieving brain fatigue, improving learning and memory abilities, and ameliorating mania mood related to brain fatigue.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure discloses a novel compound, 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, a method for preparing the same and use of the same, and in particular, a compound of formula I, use of the compound of formula I, optically pure isomers of the compound, a mixture of enantiomers in any ratio, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in preparing health food and drug for relieving brain fatigue, improving learning and memory abilities, and ameliorating mania mood related to brain fatigue.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to a process for preparing carboxylic acids or salts thereof by hydrolysis or saponification of an ester, which is obtained by alkoxycarbonylation of a C2 to C20 hydrocarbon having at least one multiple bond, preferably having at least one olefinic double bond, in which the homogeneous catalyst system used is separated from the product mixture by means of membrane separation. In a development of the present invention, the ester thus formed is converted into another ester by transesterification and then hydrolyzed or saponified.

The invention relates to a process for preparing carboxylic acids or salts thereof by hydrolysis or saponification of an ester, which is obtained by alkoxycarbonylation of a C2 to C20 hydrocarbon having at least one multiple bond, preferably having at least one olefinic double bond, in which the homogeneous catalyst system used is separated from the product mixture by means of membrane separation. In a development of the present invention, the ester thus formed is converted into another ester by transesterification and then hydrolyzed or saponified.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.

Provided are prodrugs of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as well as compositions and uses thereof.