The present invention relates to monoterpenoid and phenylpropanoid containing derivative compounds, methods of making the compounds, compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of repelling pests using the compounds and/or compositions.

Disclosed is a novel process for the synthesis of tofacitinib citrate on an industrial scale with high yields and purity starting with cis-(1-benzyl-4-methyl-piperidin-3-yl)methylamine bis-hydrochloride racemate (intermediate VIII), which comprises: 1. Condensation between intermediates VII and VIII to give intermediate VI 2. Hydrogenation of intermediate VI to give intermediate V 3. Resolution of intermediate V to give intermediate IV with enantiomeric purity >99% 4. Release of intermediate IV in a basic medium to give intermediate III 5. N-acylation reaction of intermediate III to give II (tofacitinib) 6. Salification of intermediate II to give tofacitinib monocitrate (I) ##STR00001## ##STR00002##

Disclosed is a novel process for the synthesis of tofacitinib citrate on an industrial scale with high yields and purity starting with cis-(1-benzyl-4-methyl-piperidin-3-yl)methylamine bis-hydrochloride racemate (intermediate VIII), which comprises: 1. Condensation between intermediates VII and VIII to give intermediate VI 2. Hydrogenation of intermediate VI to give intermediate V 3. Resolution of intermediate V to give intermediate IV with enantiomeric purity >99% 4. Release of intermediate IV in a basic medium to give intermediate III 5. N-acylation reaction of intermediate III to give II (tofacitinib) 6. Salification of intermediate II to give tofacitinib monocitrate (I) ##STR00001## ##STR00002##

The present invention aims to provide a polymerizable compound that has high storage stability without causing crystal precipitation when added to a polymerizable composition and to provide a polymerizable composition containing the polymerizable compound. A polymer film produced by polymerization of the polymerizable composition has a low haze, high thickness uniformity, low occurrence of nonuniform orientation, high surface hardness, high adhesiveness, and good appearances and fewer orientation defects even after ultraviolet irradiation. The present invention also aims to provide a polymer produced by polymerization of the polymerizable composition and an optically anisotropic body produced from the polymer.

The present invention aims to provide a polymerizable compound that has high storage stability without causing crystal precipitation when added to a polymerizable composition and to provide a polymerizable composition containing the polymerizable compound. A polymer film produced by polymerization of the polymerizable composition has a low haze, high thickness uniformity, low occurrence of nonuniform orientation, high surface hardness, high adhesiveness, and good appearances and fewer orientation defects even after ultraviolet irradiation. The present invention also aims to provide a polymer produced by polymerization of the polymerizable composition and an optically anisotropic body produced from the polymer.

The present invention relates to an ester obtainable by reacting (a) an alcohol mixture comprising 20-50 wt % ethylhexanol, 40-64 wt % propylheptanol and 0-20 wt % of other alcohols with (b) a polycarboxylic acid. Further aspects of the invention relate to a thermoplastic polymer comprising the ester according to the invention and uses of said ester.

The present invention relates to an ester obtainable by reacting (a) an alcohol mixture comprising 20-50 wt % ethylhexanol, 40-64 wt % propylheptanol and 0-20 wt % of other alcohols with (b) a polycarboxylic acid. Further aspects of the invention relate to a thermoplastic polymer comprising the ester according to the invention and uses of said ester.

The invention provides a new process for the preparation of treprostinil of formula (I) and its salts using several new intermediates during the building of the ring system.

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The invention provides a new process for the preparation of treprostinil of formula (I) and its salts using several new intermediates during the building of the ring system.

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An object of the present invention is to enable the synthesis of various fluorine-containing compounds having an organic group at both terminals of their tetrafluoroethylene structure (—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—). The present invention provides a fluorine-containing complex compound including a fluorine-containing organic metal compound represented by formula (1a):
R.sup.1—CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2-M.sup.1  (1a)
wherein M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, and tin; and R.sup.1 represents an organic group, and at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of pyridine ring-containing compounds and phosphines.