The present application relates to monoterpenoid and phenylpropanoid carbonate esters and methods of their making and use as repellents.

The present application relates to monoterpenoid and phenylpropanoid carbonate esters and methods of their making and use as repellents.

Provided is an ibuprofen ester prodrug represented by Structural Formula (1), a racemate, stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a solvate of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Further provided are a method for preparing the compound, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound, and an application of the compound in preparation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The pharmaceutical composition containing the ibuprofen ester prodrug may be prepared into fat emulsion injection preparations. The ibuprofen ester prodrug has good stability and good pharmacokinetic properties and overcomes the problems of ibuprofen such as a short half-life, poor stability, irritation, and incompatibility.

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Provided is an ibuprofen ester prodrug represented by Structural Formula (1), a racemate, stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a solvate of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Further provided are a method for preparing the compound, a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound, and an application of the compound in preparation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The pharmaceutical composition containing the ibuprofen ester prodrug may be prepared into fat emulsion injection preparations. The ibuprofen ester prodrug has good stability and good pharmacokinetic properties and overcomes the problems of ibuprofen such as a short half-life, poor stability, irritation, and incompatibility.

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Prodrugs of itaconic acid and 1- and 4-methyl itaconic acid and their use for treating a disease, disorder, or condition associated with inflammation are disclosed.

Disclosed is a high yield, high selectivity and high conversion method to produce Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) from carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and methanol (MeOH) using optimized concentration of ethylene oxide as water scavenger. The method provides an alternative and optimized solution towards the problem of formation of water in DMC synthesis by reporting optimal feed ratio and scavenger to MeOH feed ratio. The disclosure also discloses an optimal pressure condition that could have significant impact on economy of compression of the feed to the DMC reactor.

Disclosed is a high yield, high selectivity and high conversion method to produce Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) from carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and methanol (MeOH) using optimized concentration of ethylene oxide as water scavenger. The method provides an alternative and optimized solution towards the problem of formation of water in DMC synthesis by reporting optimal feed ratio and scavenger to MeOH feed ratio. The disclosure also discloses an optimal pressure condition that could have significant impact on economy of compression of the feed to the DMC reactor.

The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, and in particular to a linear carbonate and a preparation method thereof, which includes one or more of compounds of structural formula 1 below:

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wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are respectively selected from one of alkyl groups containing 1˜4 carbon atoms;

a hydroxyl concentration of the linear carbonate is no more than 100 ppm, and a free acid conversion rate of a solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L as formulated from the linear carbonate and lithium hexafluorophosphate is less than 1.2 after storage under 25° C. for 30 days. An acidity conversion rate was reduced when lithium hexafluorophosphate is dissolved in the linear carbonate by controlling the hydroxyl concentration, the energy density, discharge capacity, safety performance and service life of a battery can be improved when it's electrolyte solution contains the linear carbonate.

The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, and in particular to a linear carbonate and a preparation method thereof, which includes one or more of compounds of structural formula 1 below:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are respectively selected from one of alkyl groups containing 1˜4 carbon atoms;

a hydroxyl concentration of the linear carbonate is no more than 100 ppm, and a free acid conversion rate of a solution with a concentration of 1 mol/L as formulated from the linear carbonate and lithium hexafluorophosphate is less than 1.2 after storage under 25° C. for 30 days. An acidity conversion rate was reduced when lithium hexafluorophosphate is dissolved in the linear carbonate by controlling the hydroxyl concentration, the energy density, discharge capacity, safety performance and service life of a battery can be improved when it's electrolyte solution contains the linear carbonate.

The present invention discloses a gas-liquid bubbling bed reactor, comprising a liquid distributor, a gas distributor located below the liquid distributor, a catalyst bed layer and a catalyst support plate, and an optional interception screen, wherein the top of the reactor is provided with a gas outlet, the reactor is provided with a feed inlet connected to the liquid distributor, a gas inlet connected to the gas distributor, the bottom is provided with a discharge outlet. The present invention further provides a reaction system, which comprises the gas-liquid bubbling bed reactor as the main reactor and a sub-reactor. Through the system and the process of the present invention, the problems of the low conversion rate, the gas binding of the circulating pump, the unstable operation, the low yield of electronic-grade products, and the like in the carbonate synthesis process are solved purposedly targetedly, and the present invention can be applied to related industrial production.