Disclosed herein are gemini surfactants, and methods for making and using these gemini surfactants. These gemini surfactants may be incorporated in paints and coatings to provide hydrophilic and/or self-cleaning properties.

Disclosed herein are gemini surfactants, and methods for making and using these gemini surfactants. These gemini surfactants may be incorporated in paints and coatings to provide hydrophilic and/or self-cleaning properties.

Process for the production of 2-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate in multiple stage batch reactions involving the recycling of the catalyst (DBTO) in subsequent reaction, the addition a certain amount of fresh catalyst to the recycled catalyst, the use of said catalysts in the subsequent reaction, and wherein the volume decrease due to azeotropic distillation is compensate in order to keep the volume constant in the reactor during the reaction by the continuous addition of a composition comprising methyl(meth)acrylate and dimethylaminoethanol.

Process for the production of 2-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate in multiple stage batch reactions involving the recycling of the catalyst (DBTO) in subsequent reaction, the addition a certain amount of fresh catalyst to the recycled catalyst, the use of said catalysts in the subsequent reaction, and wherein the volume decrease due to azeotropic distillation is compensate in order to keep the volume constant in the reactor during the reaction by the continuous addition of a composition comprising methyl(meth)acrylate and dimethylaminoethanol.

[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a multifunctional (meth)acrylate with good yield by an ester exchange reaction of a polyhydric alcohol such as pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol with a monofunctional (meth)acrylate. [Solution] A multifunctional (meth)acrylate manufacturing method characterized in that when manufacturing a multifunctional (meth)acrylate by an ester exchange reaction of a polyhydric alcohol with a monofunctional (meth)acrylate, catalyst (A) and catalyst (B) are used together. Catalyst (A): One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of cyclic tertiary amines with an azabicyclo structure or salts or complexes thereof, amidines or salts or complexes thereof, and compounds with a pyridine ring or salts or complexes thereof. Catalyst (B): One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of zinc-containing compounds.

[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a multifunctional (meth)acrylate with good yield by an ester exchange reaction of a polyhydric alcohol such as pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol with a monofunctional (meth)acrylate. [Solution] A multifunctional (meth)acrylate manufacturing method characterized in that when manufacturing a multifunctional (meth)acrylate by an ester exchange reaction of a polyhydric alcohol with a monofunctional (meth)acrylate, catalyst (A) and catalyst (B) are used together. Catalyst (A): One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of cyclic tertiary amines with an azabicyclo structure or salts or complexes thereof, amidines or salts or complexes thereof, and compounds with a pyridine ring or salts or complexes thereof. Catalyst (B): One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of zinc-containing compounds.

The present invention relates to an additive comprising stearic acid and ethanolamine. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said additive. The present additive significantly improves the silica filler dispersion of rubber compositions and is able to produce said compositions with lower dosage zinc oxide.

The present invention relates to an additive comprising stearic acid and ethanolamine. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said additive. The present additive significantly improves the silica filler dispersion of rubber compositions and is able to produce said compositions with lower dosage zinc oxide.

The present invention relates to an additive comprising stearic acid and ethanolamine. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said additive. The present additive significantly improves the silica filler dispersion of rubber compositions and is able to produce said compositions with lower dosage zinc oxide.

The present invention relates to a method for synthesizing ionic liquids comprising a carbonate functional group characterized in that it comprises a step of reaction A without addition of lithium between a first reactant selected among an imidazolium, a pyrrolidinium or an ammonium and a second reactant being a methyl formate imidazolium. The first reactant is an imidazolium alcohol, a pyrrolidinium alcohol or an ammonium alcohol salt, the anion of which is NTf2. The second reactant is a chloromethyl formate imidazolium. The application of this method will be found in the field of green chemistry and more specifically in the production of ionic liquids which can be used in lithium batteries with a graphite electrode.