Disclosed herein are compounds of the general Formula (I), and methods of synthesizing substituted bicyclo[1.1.1 jpentanes. The synthetic methods described herein use a [1.1.1]propellane, a Group VIII transition metal compound, a hydride source and a reagent that can contribute a substituent to form a substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, such as a compound of the general Formula (I).

Disclosed herein are compounds of the general Formula (I), and methods of synthesizing substituted bicyclo[1.1.1 jpentanes. The synthetic methods described herein use a [1.1.1]propellane, a Group VIII transition metal compound, a hydride source and a reagent that can contribute a substituent to form a substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, such as a compound of the general Formula (I).

A method for synthesizing a ketoxime is provided. In a system of an aqueous carbonate solution, a reaction is performed on a ketone, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide by using a titanium-silicon molecular sieve as a catalyst to obtain the ketoxime. Moreover, a reaction progress is judged and an optimal reaction ratio is determined by a real-time monitoring of a pH value in a reaction system during the reaction. In the present invention, by monitoring the pH value in the reaction system, the progress of the reaction is judged, thereby determining the optimal reaction ratio. The pH of the system is further adjusted by an aqueous carbonate solution to increase the reaction velocity and conversion rate of the ammonia.

A method for synthesizing a ketoxime is provided. In a system of an aqueous carbonate solution, a reaction is performed on a ketone, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide by using a titanium-silicon molecular sieve as a catalyst to obtain the ketoxime. Moreover, a reaction progress is judged and an optimal reaction ratio is determined by a real-time monitoring of a pH value in a reaction system during the reaction. In the present invention, by monitoring the pH value in the reaction system, the progress of the reaction is judged, thereby determining the optimal reaction ratio. The pH of the system is further adjusted by an aqueous carbonate solution to increase the reaction velocity and conversion rate of the ammonia.

A compound represented by a formula [1D] as shown below (wherein R.sup.1A, R.sup.1B, R.sup.2A, R.sup.2B, R.sup.3A and R.sup.3B represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, and the like) is useful as an intermediate for producing a thionucleoside, and the production method of the present invention is useful as a method for producing a thionucleoside. ##STR00001##

A compound represented by a formula [1D] as shown below (wherein R.sup.1A, R.sup.1B, R.sup.2A, R.sup.2B, R.sup.3A and R.sup.3B represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, and the like) is useful as an intermediate for producing a thionucleoside, and the production method of the present invention is useful as a method for producing a thionucleoside. ##STR00001##

A compound represented by a formula [1D] as shown below (wherein R.sup.1A, R.sup.1B, R.sup.2A, R.sup.2B, R.sup.3A and R.sup.3B represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, and the like) is useful as an intermediate for producing a thionucleoside, and the production method of the present invention is useful as a method for producing a thionucleoside. ##STR00001##

A compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 according to the present invention can coordinate with metal ions to form a bidirectional or multidirectional metal-organic hybrid structure. Thus, the present invention can synthesize various ligands using amine-aldehyde condensation, and synthesize metal-organic materials using the same.

Ammoximation reactor for cyclohexanone oxime production comprising: (a) a reactor vessel provided with a stirrer; (b) an internal filtering system; (c) an internal liquid ammonia evaporation coil; (d) an internal gaseous ammonia toroidal distributor; (e) an external cyclohexanone toroidal distributor; (f) an internal hydrogen peroxide toroidal distributor; (g) an internal cylindrical draft tube; (h) an external cooling jacket. Said ammoximation reactor allows to obtain a better mixing of the components of the ammoximation reaction and to maximize both the heat-transfer coefficients and the mass-transfer coefficients. Moreover, said ammoximation reactor allows to increase the packing time of the catalyst used in the ammoximation reaction on the filtering system (i.e. the plugging phenomena) so as to avoid the necessity of carrying out the backwashings with nitrogen. Moreover, said ammoximation reactor does not require external downstream separation units to separate the catalyst from the reaction mixture obtained from the ammoximation reaction.

Ammoximation reactor for cyclohexanone oxime production comprising: (a) a reactor vessel provided with a stirrer; (b) an internal filtering system; (c) an internal liquid ammonia evaporation coil; (d) an internal gaseous ammonia toroidal distributor; (e) an external cyclohexanone toroidal distributor; (f) an internal hydrogen peroxide toroidal distributor; (g) an internal cylindrical draft tube; (h) an external cooling jacket. Said ammoximation reactor allows to obtain a better mixing of the components of the ammoximation reaction and to maximize both the heat-transfer coefficients and the mass-transfer coefficients. Moreover, said ammoximation reactor allows to increase the packing time of the catalyst used in the ammoximation reaction on the filtering system (i.e. the plugging phenomena) so as to avoid the necessity of carrying out the backwashings with nitrogen. Moreover, said ammoximation reactor does not require external downstream separation units to separate the catalyst from the reaction mixture obtained from the ammoximation reaction.