The present invention relates to a method for operating a plant for continuous production of an isocyanate by converting a primary amine A with phosgene P whilst maintaining, based on the amino groups of the primary amine, a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the presence of a solvent L in the liquid phase, using a first, adiabatically operated reaction chamber and a second, isothermally operated reaction chamber. The method is characterised in that a combination of measures, in particular the maintenance of a sufficiently high starting pressure and a sufficiently high starting temperature, is applied in order to bring the plant back into the target state, standard operation, starting from a state of interruption to production.

The present invention relates to a method for operating a plant for continuous production of an isocyanate by converting a primary amine A with phosgene P whilst maintaining, based on the amino groups of the primary amine, a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the presence of a solvent L in the liquid phase, using a first, adiabatically operated reaction chamber and a second, isothermally operated reaction chamber. The method is characterised in that a combination of measures, in particular the maintenance of a sufficiently high starting pressure and a sufficiently high starting temperature, is applied in order to bring the plant back into the target state, standard operation, starting from a state of interruption to production.

An isocyanate composition according to the present invention contains: a difunctional or more-functional isocyanate compound; and 1.0 ppm by mass to 1.0×10.sup.4 ppm by mass, based on the isocyanate compound, of a compound having at least one unsaturated bond excluding unsaturated bonds constituting an aromatic ring, the compound being different from the isocyanate.

An isocyanate composition according to the present invention contains: a difunctional or more-functional isocyanate compound; and 1.0 ppm by mass to 1.0×10.sup.4 ppm by mass, based on the isocyanate compound, of a compound having at least one unsaturated bond excluding unsaturated bonds constituting an aromatic ring, the compound being different from the isocyanate.

An isocyanate composition according to the present invention contains: a difunctional or more-functional isocyanate compound; and 1.0 ppm by mass to 1.0×10.sup.4 ppm by mass, based on the isocyanate compound, of a compound having at least one unsaturated bond excluding unsaturated bonds constituting an aromatic ring, the compound being different from the isocyanate.

The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanates and optionally polyurethanes by at least: synthesising (1) phosgene (20) from carbon monoxide (21) and chlorine (22); reacting (2) phosgene (20) with diamines (23) to form diisocyanates (24) and hydrogen chloride (25); providing a carbon dioxide gas flow (31); and cleaning (4) the carbon dioxide gas flow (31) of additional components, wherein the carbon dioxide is converted by means of an RWGS reaction (6) to form carbon monoxide (21) and hydrogen (29), which are used as raw materials for the polyurethane production, as well as optionally reacting (3) the diisocyanates (24) with polyether polyol (35a) and/or polyester polyol (35b) to form polyurethanes (37).

The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanates and optionally polyurethanes by at least: synthesising (1) phosgene (20) from carbon monoxide (21) and chlorine (22); reacting (2) phosgene (20) with diamines (23) to form diisocyanates (24) and hydrogen chloride (25); providing a carbon dioxide gas flow (31); and cleaning (4) the carbon dioxide gas flow (31) of additional components, wherein the carbon dioxide is converted by means of an RWGS reaction (6) to form carbon monoxide (21) and hydrogen (29), which are used as raw materials for the polyurethane production, as well as optionally reacting (3) the diisocyanates (24) with polyether polyol (35a) and/or polyester polyol (35b) to form polyurethanes (37).

The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanates and optionally polyurethanes by at least: synthesising (1) phosgene (20) from carbon monoxide (21) and chlorine (22); reacting (2) phosgene (20) with diamines (23) to form diisocyanates (24) and hydrogen chloride (25); providing a carbon dioxide gas flow (31); and cleaning (4) the carbon dioxide gas flow (31) of additional components, wherein the carbon dioxide is converted by means of an RWGS reaction (6) to form carbon monoxide (21) and hydrogen (29), which are used as raw materials for the polyurethane production, as well as optionally reacting (3) the diisocyanates (24) with polyether polyol (35a) and/or polyester polyol (35b) to form polyurethanes (37).

Provided is a process for the preparation of certain 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives. The new synthetic procedure involves treating 1,4-dimethylene cyclohexane with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to afford an oxo-substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octane species. This intermediate structure can then be further derivatized. The processes of this disclosure thus affords a novel and simplified means for the commercial production of a wide variety of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives.

Provided is a process for the preparation of certain 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives. The new synthetic procedure involves treating 1,4-dimethylene cyclohexane with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a transition metal catalyst to afford an oxo-substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octane species. This intermediate structure can then be further derivatized. The processes of this disclosure thus affords a novel and simplified means for the commercial production of a wide variety of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives.