Graphene-based materials for sequestering urea from aqueous solutions are provided. The graphene-based materials include graphene aggregates as well as graphene oxides.

Disclosed is a method for the integrated production of two different urea products. One is an aqueous urea solution suitable for use in NOx abatement (generally indicated as Diesel Exhaust Fluid DEF). The other is a solution used as a fertilizer, viz. Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). The production of DEF and UAN are integrated as follows: ammonia recovered from the production of urea is used as a feed to the production of ammonium nitrate. At least part of an aqueous urea stream from urea production, is mixed with ammonium nitrate so as to obtain UAN.

Disclosed is a method for the integrated production of two different urea products. One is an aqueous urea solution suitable for use in NOx abatement (generally indicated as Diesel Exhaust Fluid DEF). The other is a solution used as a fertilizer, viz. Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). The production of DEF and UAN are integrated as follows: ammonia recovered from the production of urea is used as a feed to the production of ammonium nitrate. At least part of an aqueous urea stream from urea production, is mixed with ammonium nitrate so as to obtain UAN.

Disclosed is a method for the integrated production of two different urea products. One is an aqueous urea solution suitable for use in NOx abatement (generally indicated as Diesel Exhaust Fluid DEF). The other is a solution used as a fertilizer, viz. Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). The production of DEF and UAN are integrated as follows: ammonia recovered from the production of urea is used as a feed to the production of ammonium nitrate. At least part of an aqueous urea stream from urea production, is mixed with ammonium nitrate so as to obtain UAN.

New tranilast complexes and new tranilast cocrystals are disclosed. These include a 1:1 tranilast nicotinamide complex, a 1:1 tranilast nicotinamide cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast saccharin complex, a 1:1 tranilast saccharin cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast gentisic acid complex, a 1:1 tranilast gentisic acid cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast salicylic acid complex, a 1:1 tranilast salicylic acid cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast urea complex, a 1:1 tranilast urea cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast 4-aminobenzoic acid complex, a 1:1 tranilast 4-aminobenzoic acid cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid complex and a 1:1 tranilast 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid cocrystal. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing a tranilast complex or cocrystal of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of treatment using the tranilast complexes and cocrystals as well as the pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed.

New tranilast complexes and new tranilast cocrystals are disclosed. These include a 1:1 tranilast nicotinamide complex, a 1:1 tranilast nicotinamide cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast saccharin complex, a 1:1 tranilast saccharin cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast gentisic acid complex, a 1:1 tranilast gentisic acid cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast salicylic acid complex, a 1:1 tranilast salicylic acid cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast urea complex, a 1:1 tranilast urea cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast 4-aminobenzoic acid complex, a 1:1 tranilast 4-aminobenzoic acid cocrystal, a 1:1 tranilast 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid complex and a 1:1 tranilast 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid cocrystal. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing a tranilast complex or cocrystal of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of treatment using the tranilast complexes and cocrystals as well as the pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed.

Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a urea product suitable for being diluted with water so as to form an aqueous urea comprising solution for use in a unit for the reduction of NOx in combustion engine exhaust gases, also known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) or to be used in De NOx systems of exhaust vapor from industrial furnaces. The process comprises obtaining an aqueous urea solution from or after a recovery section in a urea production process. This solution, which has a low content of impurities, is subjected to flash crystallization at a low pressure, so as to obtain a solid crystallized urea containing product, which is a free-flowing powder containing less than 0.2 wt. % water. This product is packaged under conditions such that the water content in the packaged product is maintained below 0.2 wt. %. The invention can also be used in a method of increasing the capacity of an existing urea plant.

Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a urea product suitable for being diluted with water so as to form an aqueous urea comprising solution for use in a unit for the reduction of NOx in combustion engine exhaust gases, also known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) or to be used in De NOx systems of exhaust vapor from industrial furnaces. The process comprises obtaining an aqueous urea solution from or after a recovery section in a urea production process. This solution, which has a low content of impurities, is subjected to flash crystallization at a low pressure, so as to obtain a solid crystallized urea containing product, which is a free-flowing powder containing less than 0.2 wt. % water. This product is packaged under conditions such that the water content in the packaged product is maintained below 0.2 wt. %. The invention can also be used in a method of increasing the capacity of an existing urea plant.

A process for ammonia-urea production where: liquid ammonia produced in an ammonia section is fed to a urea section directly at the ammonia synthesis pressure, and where the liquid ammonia is purified at high pressure with the steps of: cooling the liquid ammonia (20) obtaining a cooled liquid ammonia stream (21), separating a gaseous fraction (22) comprising hydrogen and nitrogen from said cooled liquid ammonia, obtaining purified liquid ammonia (23) at a high pressure, and reheating said purified liquid ammonia (23) after separation of said gaseous fraction, obtaining a reheated purified ammonia (24) having a temperature suitable for feeding to the urea synthesis process. The application also deals with an ammonia-urea plant comprising an ammonia cooler, a liquid-gas separator and an ammonia re-heater and with a method for revamping existing ammonia-urea plants.

A process for ammonia-urea production where: liquid ammonia produced in an ammonia section is fed to a urea section directly at the ammonia synthesis pressure, and where the liquid ammonia is purified at high pressure with the steps of: cooling the liquid ammonia (20) obtaining a cooled liquid ammonia stream (21), separating a gaseous fraction (22) comprising hydrogen and nitrogen from said cooled liquid ammonia, obtaining purified liquid ammonia (23) at a high pressure, and reheating said purified liquid ammonia (23) after separation of said gaseous fraction, obtaining a reheated purified ammonia (24) having a temperature suitable for feeding to the urea synthesis process. The application also deals with an ammonia-urea plant comprising an ammonia cooler, a liquid-gas separator and an ammonia re-heater and with a method for revamping existing ammonia-urea plants.