An anti-inflammatory drug containing a G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) inhibitor as an active ingredient is useful as a novel anti-inflammatory drug.

The present invention relates to a biguanide derivative compound capable of effectively preventing and treating immune diseases. The biguanide-based derivative compound according to the present invention inhibits the generation of IL-17 and TNF-, which are inflammatory cytokines, increases the activity of regulatory T cells having an immunomodulatory function, and exhibits excellent therapeutic effects in animal models of immune diseases. Accordingly, the biguanide-based derivative compound can be usefully used as an immunosuppressant or a pharmaceutical composition capable of preventing or treating various immune diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and transplant rejection, caused by the dysregulation of immune responses.

The present invention relates to a biguanide derivative compound capable of effectively preventing and treating immune diseases. The biguanide-based derivative compound according to the present invention inhibits the generation of IL-17 and TNF-, which are inflammatory cytokines, increases the activity of regulatory T cells having an immunomodulatory function, and exhibits excellent therapeutic effects in animal models of immune diseases. Accordingly, the biguanide-based derivative compound can be usefully used as an immunosuppressant or a pharmaceutical composition capable of preventing or treating various immune diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and transplant rejection, caused by the dysregulation of immune responses.

The invention provides methods for producing analgesia in an animal comprising administering to the animal a compound of the formula Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id:

##STR00001##

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the variables A, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.x, L, X, Y, and Z have the meaning as described herein.

The invention provides methods for producing analgesia in an animal comprising administering to the animal a compound of the formula Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id:

##STR00001##

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the variables A, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.x, L, X, Y, and Z have the meaning as described herein.

The invention relates to an electronic device comprising a compound having Formula (1): AB.sub.x (1), wherein A is a structural moiety that consists of at least two atoms and comprises a conjugated system of delocalized electrons, each B is independently selected from an imine functional group (1a), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 are independently selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkinyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.30 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.30 aryl, C.sub.2-C.sub.30 heteroaryl, C.sub.7-C.sub.30 arylalkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.30 heteroarylalkyl, the wave line represents a covalent bond to the imine nitrogen atom, G is in each group (1a) independently selected from a quarternary carbon atom and from a cyclopropenylidene structural moiety, x is an integer equal one or higher, preferably equal two or higher, and the lone electron pair of the imine nitrogen atom and/or the pi-electrons of the imine double bond of at least one group B is conjugated with the conjugated system of delocalized electrons comprised in the structural moiety A, with the proviso that two or more of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 may be connected to form a ring that may contain also unsaturation and, if any of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 comprises two or more carbon atoms, up to one third of the overall count of the carbon atoms in the substituent or in any ring formed by two connected substituents can be replaced with heteroatoms independently selected from O, S, N and B as well as to an electrically semiconducting material and a compound for use in the electronic device. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to an electronic device comprising a compound having Formula (1): AB.sub.x (1), wherein A is a structural moiety that consists of at least two atoms and comprises a conjugated system of delocalized electrons, each B is independently selected from an imine functional group (1a), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 are independently selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkinyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.30 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.30 aryl, C.sub.2-C.sub.30 heteroaryl, C.sub.7-C.sub.30 arylalkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.30 heteroarylalkyl, the wave line represents a covalent bond to the imine nitrogen atom, G is in each group (1a) independently selected from a quarternary carbon atom and from a cyclopropenylidene structural moiety, x is an integer equal one or higher, preferably equal two or higher, and the lone electron pair of the imine nitrogen atom and/or the pi-electrons of the imine double bond of at least one group B is conjugated with the conjugated system of delocalized electrons comprised in the structural moiety A, with the proviso that two or more of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 may be connected to form a ring that may contain also unsaturation and, if any of the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 comprises two or more carbon atoms, up to one third of the overall count of the carbon atoms in the substituent or in any ring formed by two connected substituents can be replaced with heteroatoms independently selected from O, S, N and B as well as to an electrically semiconducting material and a compound for use in the electronic device. ##STR00001##

A biguanide derivative compound with N1-N5 substitution, which is represented by Formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method of preparing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as an active ingredient are provided. The biguanide derivative may exhibit excellent effect on activation of AMPK and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in a low dose, compared to conventional drugs, and thus, may be useful to treat diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, fatty liver, coronary artery disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, metabolic syndrome, cancer, etc.

A biguanide derivative compound with N1-N5 substitution, which is represented by Formula 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method of preparing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as an active ingredient are provided. The biguanide derivative may exhibit excellent effect on activation of AMPK and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in a low dose, compared to conventional drugs, and thus, may be useful to treat diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, fatty liver, coronary artery disease, osteoporosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, metabolic syndrome, cancer, etc.

The present invention relates to a biguanide derivative compound capable of effectively preventing and treating immune diseases. The biguanide-based derivative compound according to the present invention inhibits the generation of IL-17 and TNF-, which are inflammatory cytokines, increases the activity of regulatory T cells having an immunomodulatory function, and exhibits excellent therapeutic effects in animal models of immune diseases. Accordingly, the biguanide-based derivative compound can be usefully used as an immunosuppressant or a pharmaceutical composition capable of preventing or treating various immune diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and transplant rejection, caused by the dysregulation of immune responses.