Provided is a fluorine atom-containing compound represented by formula (1) below

##STR00001##

(In the formula, Z represents a predetermined divalent group, each Ar independently represents a predetermined aromatic ring-containing group, and each Ar.sup.F independently represents a predetermined fluorine atom-containing aryl group).

Provided is a fluorine atom-containing compound represented by formula (1) below

##STR00001##

(In the formula, Z represents a predetermined divalent group, each Ar independently represents a predetermined aromatic ring-containing group, and each Ar.sup.F independently represents a predetermined fluorine atom-containing aryl group).

Dimethylamine (Me.sub.2NH) is reacted with sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2F.sub.2) to form at least a first phase comprising N-(fluorosulfonyl) dimethylamine (FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2), tetramethylsulfamide (SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2), or a combination thereof. A second phase, which may include dimethylamine hydrofluoride (Me.sub.2NH.sub.2F), may be also formed and separated from the first phase. FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 or SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 is then isolated from the first phase. For example, the first phase may be a liquid phase, and FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 and SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 are separated by distillation, optionally under reduced pressure.

Dimethylamine (Me.sub.2NH) is reacted with sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2F.sub.2) to form at least a first phase comprising N-(fluorosulfonyl) dimethylamine (FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2), tetramethylsulfamide (SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2), or a combination thereof. A second phase, which may include dimethylamine hydrofluoride (Me.sub.2NH.sub.2F), may be also formed and separated from the first phase. FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 or SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 is then isolated from the first phase. For example, the first phase may be a liquid phase, and FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 and SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 are separated by distillation, optionally under reduced pressure.

Dimethylamine (Me.sub.2NH) is reacted with sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2F.sub.2) to form at least a first phase comprising N-(fluorosulfonyl) dimethylamine (FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2), tetramethylsulfamide (SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2), or a combination thereof. A second phase, which may include dimethylamine hydrofluoride (Me.sub.2NH.sub.2F), may be also formed and separated from the first phase. FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 or SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 is then isolated from the first phase. For example, the first phase may be a liquid phase, and FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 and SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 are separated by distillation, optionally under reduced pressure.

Dimethylamine (Me.sub.2NH) is reacted with sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2F.sub.2) to form at least a first phase comprising N-(fluorosulfonyl) dimethylamine (FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2), tetramethylsulfamide (SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2), or a combination thereof. A second phase, which may include dimethylamine hydrofluoride (Me.sub.2NH.sub.2F), may be also formed and separated from the first phase. FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 or SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 is then isolated from the first phase. For example, the first phase may be a liquid phase, and FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 and SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 are separated by distillation, optionally under reduced pressure.

Dimethylamine (Me.sub.2NH) is reacted with sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2F.sub.2) to form at least a first phase comprising N-(fluorosulfonyl) dimethylamine (FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2), tetramethylsulfamide (SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2), or a combination thereof. A second phase, which may include dimethylamine hydrofluoride (Me.sub.2NH.sub.2F), may be also formed and separated from the first phase. FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 or SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 is then isolated from the first phase. For example, the first phase may be a liquid phase, and FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 and SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 are separated by distillation, optionally under reduced pressure.

Dimethylamine (Me.sub.2NH) is reacted with sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2F.sub.2) to form at least a first phase comprising N-(fluorosulfonyl) dimethylamine (FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2), tetramethylsulfamide (SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2), or a combination thereof. A second phase, which may include dimethylamine hydrofluoride (Me.sub.2NH.sub.2F), may be also formed and separated from the first phase. FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 or SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 is then isolated from the first phase. For example, the first phase may be a liquid phase, and FSO.sub.2NMe.sub.2 and SO.sub.2(NMe.sub.2).sub.2 are separated by distillation, optionally under reduced pressure.

Disclosed herein are clusters compounds that include at least one substituted amine sulfate and at least one substituted amine bisulfate molecule. The substituted amine sulfate molecule and the substituted amine bisulfate molecule may each include an ammonium moiety with at least one alkyl substituent. Optionally, the alkyl substituent can include 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or 1 to 6 carbon atoms. For example, the alkyl substituent can be a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl group. In some examples, the substituted amine sulfate molecule and the substituted amine bisulfate molecule each include an ammonium moiety with at least two alkyl substituents. Optionally, the two alkyl substituents are the same. Alternatively, however, the two alkyl substituents can be different.

Disclosed herein are clusters compounds that include at least one substituted amine sulfate and at least one substituted amine bisulfate molecule. The substituted amine sulfate molecule and the substituted amine bisulfate molecule may each include an ammonium moiety with at least one alkyl substituent. Optionally, the alkyl substituent can include 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or 1 to 6 carbon atoms. For example, the alkyl substituent can be a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl group. In some examples, the substituted amine sulfate molecule and the substituted amine bisulfate molecule each include an ammonium moiety with at least two alkyl substituents. Optionally, the two alkyl substituents are the same. Alternatively, however, the two alkyl substituents can be different.