A method for preparing 3,3-diaminobenzidine, the method comprising the following steps: subjecting 4,4-biphenol and N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl chloride to an esterification reaction in a specified solvent at 40-70? C. to obtain 4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) as a first intermediate; subjecting the 4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) to a chlorination reaction with a chlorinating reagent under acidic conditions to obtain 3,3-dichloro-4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) as a second intermediate; subjecting the second intermediate 3,3-dichloro-4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) to an ammonolysis reaction with anammoniation reagent in the presence of a combined catalyst to obtain a crude product of 3,3,4,4-tetraaminobiphenyl, wherein the combined catalyst is a mixture of proline, a cuprous salt and a phase transfer catalyst; and subjecting the crude product of 3,3,4,4-tetraaminobiphenyl to a post-treatment to obtain a purified 3,3,4,4-tetraaminobiphenyl product. In the present invention, 4,4-biphenol is used as a raw material, a brand-new synthesis route is used, the product purity is high, and pollution of three kinds of waste is reduced.

A method for preparing 3,3-diaminobenzidine, the method comprising the following steps: subjecting 4,4-biphenol and N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl chloride to an esterification reaction in a specified solvent at 40-70? C. to obtain 4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) as a first intermediate; subjecting the 4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) to a chlorination reaction with a chlorinating reagent under acidic conditions to obtain 3,3-dichloro-4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) as a second intermediate; subjecting the second intermediate 3,3-dichloro-4,4-biphenyl bis(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonate) to an ammonolysis reaction with anammoniation reagent in the presence of a combined catalyst to obtain a crude product of 3,3,4,4-tetraaminobiphenyl, wherein the combined catalyst is a mixture of proline, a cuprous salt and a phase transfer catalyst; and subjecting the crude product of 3,3,4,4-tetraaminobiphenyl to a post-treatment to obtain a purified 3,3,4,4-tetraaminobiphenyl product. In the present invention, 4,4-biphenol is used as a raw material, a brand-new synthesis route is used, the product purity is high, and pollution of three kinds of waste is reduced.

Provided herein are solid forms comprising (a) 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidine-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and (b) a coformer. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the solid forms (e.g., cocrystals) and methods for treating, preventing and managing various disorders are also disclosed.

Provided herein are solid forms comprising (a) 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidine-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione and (b) a coformer. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the solid forms (e.g., cocrystals) and methods for treating, preventing and managing various disorders are also disclosed.

The present invention provides for novel compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and co-crystals thereof which have glucagon receptor antagonist or inverse agonist activity. The present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as well as methods of treating, preventing, delaying the time to onset or reducing the risk for the development or progression of a disease or condition for which one or more glucagon receptor antagonist is indicated, including Type I and II diabetes, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. The present invention also provides for processes of making the compounds of Formula I, including salts and co-crystals thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.

The present invention provides for novel compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and co-crystals thereof which have glucagon receptor antagonist or inverse agonist activity. The present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as well as methods of treating, preventing, delaying the time to onset or reducing the risk for the development or progression of a disease or condition for which one or more glucagon receptor antagonist is indicated, including Type I and II diabetes, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. The present invention also provides for processes of making the compounds of Formula I, including salts and co-crystals thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.

Provided is a lithium (N-carbonyl)sulfonamide compound represented by the following Formula (I). In Formula (I), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group, and L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 each represent a single bond or O, with a proviso that a case in which L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are both single bonds are excluded.

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The present invention relates to a method of producing an alkoxylene derivative and an application thereof. A mixture is firstly subjected to a first reaction for obtaining a first intermediate. The mixture includes an alkyl alcohol compound and a glycidyl ether compound. A second reaction is performed to the first intermediate and an epoxyalkyl compound, thereby obtaining the alkoxylene derivative. The alkoxylene derivative can effectively improve antistatic property and anti-fogging property.

The present invention relates to a method of producing an alkoxylene derivative and an application thereof. A mixture is firstly subjected to a first reaction for obtaining a first intermediate. The mixture includes an alkyl alcohol compound and a glycidyl ether compound. A second reaction is performed to the first intermediate and an epoxyalkyl compound, thereby obtaining the alkoxylene derivative. The alkoxylene derivative can effectively improve antistatic property and anti-fogging property.

The present invention relates to a method of producing an alkoxylene derivative and an application thereof. A mixture is firstly subjected to a first reaction for obtaining a first intermediate. The mixture includes an alkyl alcohol compound and a glycidyl ether compound. A second reaction is performed to the first intermediate and an epoxyalkyl compound, thereby obtaining the alkoxylene derivative. The alkoxylene derivative can effectively improve antistatic property and anti-fogging property.