The disclosure features novel lipids and compositions involving the same. Nanoparticle compositions include a novel lipid as well as additional lipids such as phospholipids, structural lipids, and PEG lipids. Nanoparticle compositions further including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.

A compound represented by general formula (I) (in the formula, all symbols are as described in the description) or a salt thereof has a potent nerve-protecting and/or -repairing activity, and therefore can be used as a therapeutic agent for neuropathy (e.g., chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, periarteritis nodosa, allergic vasculitis, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, entrapment neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy associated with the administration of a chemotherapeutic drug, or peripheral neuropathy associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease). ##STR00001##

The compounds of the present invention are represented by the following compounds having Formula I:

##STR00001##

where the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.4, L, M, X, Y, and s are as defined herein. The compounds of the present invention are also represented by the following compounds having Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), or Formula (Ic):

##STR00002##

where the substituents R.sup.1-R.sup.4, R.sup.x, R.sup.y, X, Y, and s are as defined herein.

These compounds are used in the treatment of cancer, immunologic disorders, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, or inflammatory disorders or for providing immunosuppression for transplanted organs or tissues.

The compounds of the present invention are represented by the following compounds having Formula I:

##STR00001##

where the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.4, L, M, X, Y, and s are as defined herein. The compounds of the present invention are also represented by the following compounds having Formula (Ia), Formula (Ib), or Formula (Ic):

##STR00002##

where the substituents R.sup.1-R.sup.4, R.sup.x, R.sup.y, X, Y, and s are as defined herein.

These compounds are used in the treatment of cancer, immunologic disorders, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, or inflammatory disorders or for providing immunosuppression for transplanted organs or tissues.

Fumarate compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the fumarate compounds, and methods of using fumarate compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treating neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, irritable bowel disorder, ulcerative colitis, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are disclosed.

The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4x, R.sup.4y, m, n and G are as defined herein. The invention further relates to herbicidal compositions which comprise a compound of Formula (I), to their use for controlling weeds, in particular in crops of useful plants. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4x, R.sup.4y, m, n and G are as defined herein. The invention further relates to herbicidal compositions which comprise a compound of Formula (I), to their use for controlling weeds, in particular in crops of useful plants. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides compounds, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

The present invention provides compounds, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

The disclosure features novel lipids and compositions involving the same. Nanoparticle compositions include a novel lipid as well as additional lipids such as phospholipids, structural lipids, and PEG lipids. Nanoparticle compositions further including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.