This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”). ##STR00001##

The invention relates to a process for producing 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone comprising reacting a solution comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and at least one linear C.sub.6-C.sub.10 carboxylic acid as solvent with an oxidizing agent to obtain a crude reaction product comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, wherein the concentration of water in the reaction mixture is kept below 5 wt %, the process comprising: (a) adding 0.9 to 1.05 mol oxidizing agent per mol 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide uniformly distributed to the solution at a temperature in the range from 80 to 105° C. over a period from 1.5 to 5 h in a first step to obtain the reaction mixture; (b) agitating the reaction mixture after completion of the first step at the temperature of the first step for 5 to 30 min without adding oxidizing agent; (c) adding 0.05 to 0.2 mol oxidizing agent per mol 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide to the reaction mixture at a temperature in the range from 80 to 105° C. over a period of less than 40 min in a second step; (d) agitating the reaction mixture after completion of the second step at the temperature of the second step for 10 to 30 min without adding oxidizing agent, (e) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature in the range from 95 to 110° C. and hold this temperature for 10 to 90 min to obtain a crude reaction product comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

The invention relates to a process for producing 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone comprising reacting a solution comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and at least one linear C.sub.6-C.sub.10 carboxylic acid as solvent with an oxidizing agent to obtain a crude reaction product comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, wherein the concentration of water in the reaction mixture is kept below 5 wt %, the process comprising: (a) adding 0.9 to 1.05 mol oxidizing agent per mol 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide uniformly distributed to the solution at a temperature in the range from 80 to 105° C. over a period from 1.5 to 5 h in a first step to obtain the reaction mixture; (b) agitating the reaction mixture after completion of the first step at the temperature of the first step for 5 to 30 min without adding oxidizing agent; (c) adding 0.05 to 0.2 mol oxidizing agent per mol 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide to the reaction mixture at a temperature in the range from 80 to 105° C. over a period of less than 40 min in a second step; (d) agitating the reaction mixture after completion of the second step at the temperature of the second step for 10 to 30 min without adding oxidizing agent, (e) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature in the range from 95 to 110° C. and hold this temperature for 10 to 90 min to obtain a crude reaction product comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

The invention relates to a process for producing 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone comprising reacting a solution comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and at least one linear C.sub.6-C.sub.10 carboxylic acid as solvent with an oxidizing agent to obtain a crude reaction product comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, wherein the concentration of water in the reaction mixture is kept below 5 wt %, the process comprising: (a) adding 0.9 to 1.05 mol oxidizing agent per mol 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide uniformly distributed to the solution at a temperature in the range from 80 to 105° C. over a period from 1.5 to 5 h in a first step to obtain the reaction mixture; (b) agitating the reaction mixture after completion of the first step at the temperature of the first step for 5 to 30 min without adding oxidizing agent; (c) adding 0.05 to 0.2 mol oxidizing agent per mol 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide to the reaction mixture at a temperature in the range from 80 to 105° C. over a period of less than 40 min in a second step; (d) agitating the reaction mixture after completion of the second step at the temperature of the second step for 10 to 30 min without adding oxidizing agent, (e) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature in the range from 95 to 110° C. and hold this temperature for 10 to 90 min to obtain a crude reaction product comprising 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

The present application provides compounds and methods for treating bacterial infections, including bacterial infections caused by MRSA.

The present application provides compounds and methods for treating bacterial infections, including bacterial infections caused by MRSA.

The present disclosure relates to heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. Also described herein are compositions and the use of such compounds in methods of treating diseases and conditions mediated by deficient CFTR activity, in particular cystic fibrosis.

The present disclosure relates to heterocyclic compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. Also described herein are compositions and the use of such compounds in methods of treating diseases and conditions mediated by deficient CFTR activity, in particular cystic fibrosis.

A cyclopropanation method includes reacting an alcohol, an ester, or an aldehyde with a sulfone in an organic solvent containing a base providing a counter cation to form a cyclopropane; and isolating the cyclopropane. When using the alcohol or ester, the organic solvent further contains a catalyst having an alcohol dehydrogenation activity.

A cyclopropanation method includes reacting an alcohol, an ester, or an aldehyde with a sulfone in an organic solvent containing a base providing a counter cation to form a cyclopropane; and isolating the cyclopropane. When using the alcohol or ester, the organic solvent further contains a catalyst having an alcohol dehydrogenation activity.