The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.12, MG.sup.11, MG.sup.12 and CG.sup.1 have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula I in liquid crystal media and particular to flexoelectric liquid crystal devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention.

The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.12, MG.sup.11, MG.sup.12 and CG.sup.1 have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula I in liquid crystal media and particular to flexoelectric liquid crystal devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention.

The present specification relates to a novel compound, a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, a membrane-electrode assembly including the polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel cell including the membrane-electrode assembly, and a redox flow battery including the polymer electrolyte membrane.

The present invention provides novel Ruthenium-based transition metal complex catalysts comprising specific ligands, their preparation and their use in hydrogenation processes. Such complex catalysts are inexpensive, thermally robust, and olefin selective.

The present invention provides novel Ruthenium-based transition metal complex catalysts comprising specific ligands, their preparation and their use in hydrogenation processes. Such complex catalysts are inexpensive, thermally robust, and olefin selective.

Provided are a methane-production inhibitor capable of inhibiting methane production for a long period of time, and a method for inhibiting methane production using the composition. A methane-production inhibitor composition contains one or more compounds selected from compounds represented by formula [I] as an effective ingredient, and a method for inhibiting methane production uses the composition.

##STR00001##

(In formula [I], X represents an —OR.sub.1 group, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen atom, Y represents an —OR.sub.2 group or an —SO.sub.2R.sub.3 group, R.sub.1 represents a benzoyl group, R.sub.2 represents a methylsulfonyl group or a chloromethylsulfonyl group, and R.sub.3 represents a chloromethyl group or a hydroxymethyl group.)

Provided are a methane-production inhibitor capable of inhibiting methane production for a long period of time, and a method for inhibiting methane production using the composition. A methane-production inhibitor composition contains one or more compounds selected from compounds represented by formula [I] as an effective ingredient, and a method for inhibiting methane production uses the composition.

##STR00001##

(In formula [I], X represents an —OR.sub.1 group, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen atom, Y represents an —OR.sub.2 group or an —SO.sub.2R.sub.3 group, R.sub.1 represents a benzoyl group, R.sub.2 represents a methylsulfonyl group or a chloromethylsulfonyl group, and R.sub.3 represents a chloromethyl group or a hydroxymethyl group.)

Provided is a compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001## wherein the variable groups are defined herein.

The present specification relates to a compound including an aromatic ring, a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, a membrane-electrode assembly including the polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel cell including the membrane-electrode assembly, and a redox flow battery including the polymer electrolyte membrane.

The present specification relates to a compound including an aromatic ring, a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, a membrane-electrode assembly including the polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel cell including the membrane-electrode assembly, and a redox flow battery including the polymer electrolyte membrane.