A process and apparatus for oxidizing thiol compounds from an alkaline stream. The process includes passing a thiol rich alkaline stream and an oxygen containing gas to a low pressure oxidizing zone to oxidize at least a portion of the thiol compounds to disulfide compounds. A liquid stream comprising the alkali containing the disulfide compounds is passed through a pump to increase the pressure and form a pressurized alkaline stream. The pressurized alkaline stream and a sulfur lean liquid light hydrocarbon stream are introduced to a high pressure disulfide separation vessel to form a sulfur lean alkaline stream and a sulfur rich liquid light hydrocarbon stream.

A method for synthesizing dissymmetric sulfoether includes the following step: a) under the condition of tetrabutylammonium halide catalysis, compounds having a structure of formula (I), compounds having a structure of formula (II) and salts having sulfur and oxygen are reacted in a solvent to give dissymmetric sulfoether having a structure of formula (III).

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for oxidizing one or more thiol compounds from an alkaline stream. The process may include passing a mixed stream having the alkaline stream to a vessel having an oxidation section, a separation section and a vent gas section. Often, the oxidation section includes a body containing one or more packing elements. The process can further include passing an oxidized alkaline stream to the separation section containing a first chamber and a second chamber. Usually, the first chamber contains a coated mesh and packing. The two sections further form a neck contains a packing, a distributor, and a mesh.

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for oxidizing one or more thiol compounds from an alkaline stream. The process may include passing a mixed stream having the alkaline stream to a vessel having an oxidation section, a separation section and a vent gas section. Often, the oxidation section includes a body containing one or more packing elements. The process can further include passing an oxidized alkaline stream to the separation section containing a first chamber and a second chamber. Usually, the first chamber contains a coated mesh and packing. The two sections further form a neck contains a packing, a distributor, and a mesh.

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for oxidizing one or more thiol compounds from an alkaline stream. The process may include passing a mixed stream having the alkaline stream to a vessel having an oxidation section, a separation section and a vent gas section. Often, the oxidation section includes a body containing one or more packing elements. The process can further include passing an oxidized alkaline stream to the separation section containing a first chamber and a second chamber. Usually, the first chamber contains a coated mesh and packing. The two sections further form a neck contains a packing, a distributor, and a mesh.

Provided is a polymerizable composition including an alkyne compound represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein, in general formula (1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, or an NH group and may be the same or different from each other, Q represents an alkylene group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, or a thiophenylene group in which one of carbon atoms is substituted by an antimony atom, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent an alkylene group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and may be the same or different from each other, and m and n each represent 0 or 1.

Provided is a polymerizable composition including an alkyne compound represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein, in general formula (1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 represent a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, or an NH group and may be the same or different from each other, Q represents an alkylene group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, or a thiophenylene group in which one of carbon atoms is substituted by an antimony atom, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent an alkylene group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and may be the same or different from each other, and m and n each represent 0 or 1.

An acid medium is provided comprising one or more water-soluble oxidized disulfide oil ODSO compounds, and uses thereof. The use of such an acid medium is disclosed as a replacement for conventional acids. Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to the use of an ODSO acid or ODSO acid mixture medium having one or more polar water-soluble ODSO compounds, including polar water-soluble ODSO compounds present in an effluent refinery hydrocarbon stream recovered following catalytic oxidation of mercaptans present in a petroleum feedstream.

An acid medium is provided comprising one or more water-soluble oxidized disulfide oil ODSO compounds, and uses thereof. The use of such an acid medium is disclosed as a replacement for conventional acids. Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to the use of an ODSO acid or ODSO acid mixture medium having one or more polar water-soluble ODSO compounds, including polar water-soluble ODSO compounds present in an effluent refinery hydrocarbon stream recovered following catalytic oxidation of mercaptans present in a petroleum feedstream.

An acid medium is provided comprising one or more water-soluble oxidized disulfide oil ODSO compounds. The use of such an acid medium is disclosed as a replacement for conventional acids. Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an ODSO acid or ODSO acid mixture medium comprising, consisting of or consisting essentially of one or more polar water-soluble ODSO compounds, including polar water-soluble ODSO compounds present in an effluent refinery hydrocarbon stream recovered following catalytic oxidation of mercaptans present in a petroleum feedstream.