The present disclosure relates to novel crystalline forms of GFT-505, processes for preparation and uses thereof. The crystalline form CS1, crystalline form CS2, crystalline form CS5 and crystalline form CS6 of GFT-505 provided by the present disclosure have high purity, good stability, low hygroscopicity, good solubility and good mechanical stability. The present disclosure provides a new and better choice for the preparation of drug products containing GFT-505 and is of great significance for drug development.

The present disclosure relates to novel crystalline forms of GFT-505, processes for preparation and uses thereof. The crystalline form CS1, crystalline form CS2, crystalline form CS5 and crystalline form CS6 of GFT-505 provided by the present disclosure have high purity, good stability, low hygroscopicity, good solubility and good mechanical stability. The present disclosure provides a new and better choice for the preparation of drug products containing GFT-505 and is of great significance for drug development.

A process for preparing 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde, by a) providing a liquid stream with methyl mercaptan and/or the hemi thioacetal formed from 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and methyl mercaptan; b) providing an acrolein with a vapor stream, where the major part of the vapor stream is acrolein, and the pressure of the vapor stream is lower than atmospheric pressure; c) introducing the liquid stream with methyl mercaptan and/or the hemi thioacetal formed from 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and methyl mercaptan of a) and the acrolein with a vapor stream of b) into a reaction unit with a vapor-liquid mixing device, and d) reacting acrolein with methyl mercaptan and/or the hemi thioacetal formed from 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and methyl mercaptan in the reaction unit of c) to give a 3-metyhlthiopropionaldehyde product mixture.

A process for preparing 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde, by a) providing a liquid stream with methyl mercaptan and/or the hemi thioacetal formed from 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and methyl mercaptan; b) providing an acrolein with a vapor stream, where the major part of the vapor stream is acrolein, and the pressure of the vapor stream is lower than atmospheric pressure; c) introducing the liquid stream with methyl mercaptan and/or the hemi thioacetal formed from 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and methyl mercaptan of a) and the acrolein with a vapor stream of b) into a reaction unit with a vapor-liquid mixing device, and d) reacting acrolein with methyl mercaptan and/or the hemi thioacetal formed from 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde and methyl mercaptan in the reaction unit of c) to give a 3-metyhlthiopropionaldehyde product mixture.

This invention provides compounds, for example, of Formulae (A)-(H) and (J)-(AA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, esters, amides, and prodrugs thereof. The invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or vehicle. The compounds and compositions disclosed herein are useful for treating or preventing various diseases and conditions, for example liver disease such as liver fibrosis, fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and kidney diseases such as acute kidney injury (AKI).

The subject matter described herein is directed to compounds, synergistic compositions, and methods for repelling arthropods, such as insects. The compositions comprise aryl and pyridyl-type compounds. The compounds demonstrate strong vapor and topical repellency when applied alone and in synergistic compositions.

Methods, filters and compositions are disclosed for treating toxicity due to oxidative stress and toxic electrophiles.

Methods, filters and compositions are disclosed for treating toxicity due to oxidative stress and toxic electrophiles.

This compound, which absorbs long-wavelength active energy rays and generates with high-efficiency radicals and strong bases, and which has excellent reaction efficiency in a base generating chain reaction, is represented by formula (1), where, in formula (1), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently represent a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, or an organic group other than those substituents, the R.sub.4's independently represent an organic group including a thioether bond, and ‘A’ represents a substituent represented by formula (1-1) or (1-2), where, in formula (1-1), R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a heterocyclic group, and where, in formula (1-2), R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 independently represent an amino group or a substituted amino group. A photopolymerization initiator can include said compound; and a photosensitive resin composition can include said photopolymerization initiator. ##STR00001##

This compound, which absorbs long-wavelength active energy rays and generates with high-efficiency radicals and strong bases, and which has excellent reaction efficiency in a base generating chain reaction, is represented by formula (1), where, in formula (1), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently represent a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, or an organic group other than those substituents, the R.sub.4's independently represent an organic group including a thioether bond, and ‘A’ represents a substituent represented by formula (1-1) or (1-2), where, in formula (1-1), R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a heterocyclic group, and where, in formula (1-2), R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 independently represent an amino group or a substituted amino group. A photopolymerization initiator can include said compound; and a photosensitive resin composition can include said photopolymerization initiator. ##STR00001##