Processes for upgrading a hydrocarbon. The process can include contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feed with fluidized catalyst particles that can include a Group 8-10 element or a compound thereof disposed on a support to effect one or more of dehydrogenation, dehydroaromatization, and dehydrocyclization of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed to produce coked catalyst particles and an effluent. The process can also include contacting at least a portion of the coked catalyst particles with an oxidant to effect combustion of at least a portion of the coke to produce regenerated catalyst particles. The process can also include contacting at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst particles with a reducing gas to produce regenerated and reduced catalyst particles. The process can also include contacting an additional quantity of the hydrocarbon-containing feed with fluidized regenerated and reduced catalyst particles to produce additional effluent and re-coked catalyst particles.

Processes for upgrading a hydrocarbon. In some embodiments, the process can include contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feed with a first catalyst that can include a Group 8-10 element disposed on a support within a first conversion zone to effect dehydrogenation, dehydroaromatization, and/or dehydrocyclization of a portion of the feed to produce first conversion zone effluent that includes one or more upgraded hydrocarbons, molecular hydrogen, and unconverted feed. The process can also include contacting the first conversion zone effluent with a second catalyst that can include a Group 8-10 element disposed on a support within a second conversion zone to effect dehydrogenation, dehydroaromatization, and/or dehydrocyclization of at least a portion of the unconverted feed to produce a second conversion zone effluent that includes an additional quantity of upgraded hydrocarbon(s) and molecular hydrogen. A temperature of the second conversion zone effluent can be greater than a temperature of the first conversion zone effluent.

A method for converting an alcohol to hydrocarbons comprises two serially placed catalysts. The fraction of aromatics is reduced to desired levels. The method comprises: a) contacting the alcohol with a first catalyst on a carrier, said carrier is selected from a mixed oxide and a mesoporous carrier, said first catalyst comprises at least one basic oxide and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of metals and metal oxides, then b) contacting the resulting mixture from step a) with a second catalyst wherein said second catalyst is an etched metal loaded zeolite catalyst wherein the etched metal loaded zeolite catalyst is manufactured with a method comprising etching with subsequent loading of metal onto the catalyst, wherein the metal is in the form of nanoparticles, and wherein at least two different metals are loaded onto the etched zeolite catalyst. The hydrocarbons are recovered and used for instance for fuel including gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and jet propellant, and jet fuel. Naturally, other uses of hydrocarbons should not be excluded.

Novel doped oxide and mixed-oxide materials having a metal homogenously dispersed in the form of isolated metal ions throughout the oxide lattice and methods for making the same.

According to one or more embodiments described herein, a method for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons may include passing a hydrocarbon feed comprising one or more alkanes or alkyl aromatics into a fluidized bed reactor, contacting the hydrocarbon feed with a dehydrogenation catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor to produce a dehydrogenated product and hydrogen, and contacting the hydrogen with an oxygen-rich oxygen carrier material in the fluidized bed reactor to combust the hydrogen and form an oxygen-diminished oxygen carrier material. In additional embodiments, a dual-purpose material may be utilized which has dehydrogenation catalyst and oxygen carrying functionality.

The present disclosure provides a modified catalyst, and preparation method and a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons by aromatization of olefins using the modified catalyst. The modified catalyst comprises an acidic molecular sieve and an olefin aromatization active metal component, the total acid amount of the catalyst as measured by NH.sub.3-TPD method is not higher than 0.35 mmol/g, and ratio of the strong acid to weak acid is within a range of 0.8-1.2.

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

A method of making an active catalyst composition includes mixing at least one support with a vanadium oxide precursor and grinding thereby at least partially embedding the vanadium oxide precursor particles in different layers and surfaces of the at least one support to form a first precursor; mixing the first precursor and a first solvent to form a first mixture; grinding the first mixture and drying at a temperature of 60 to 105° C.; calcining the first mixture after the drying at a temperature of at least 300° C. thereby allowing the vanadium oxide precursor particles embedded in different layers and surfaces of the at least one support to decompose in situ to generate vanadium oxide (VO.sub.x) particles embedded in the at least one support and form the first vanadium catalyst; and mixing the first vanadium catalyst with a second vanadium catalyst to form the active catalyst composition.

Enhanced oxygen transfer agent systems and methods of use thereof are provided. According to one aspect, a method for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feed includes the step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. The oxygen transfer agent includes an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent including at least one of S, Se, or Te and a reducible metal oxide. The chalcogen has an oxidation state greater than +2. A method for producing one or more olefins by partial combustion of a hydrocarbon feed is provided. The method includes partially combusting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with an oxygen transfer agent comprising CaSO.sub.4 at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. to produce one or more olefins comprising ethylene and coproducing water.

A supported catalyst for preparing light olefin using direct conversion of syngas is a composite catalyst and formed by compounding component I and component II in a mechanical mixing mode. The active ingredient of component I is a metal oxide; and the component II is a supported zeolite. A carrier is one or more than one of hierarchical pores Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, MgO and Ga.sub.2O.sub.3; the zeolite is one or more than one of CHA and AEI structures; and the load of the zeolite is 4%-45% wt. A weight ratio of the active ingredients in the component I to the component II is 0.1-20. The reaction process has an extremely high light olefin selectivity; the sum of the selectivity of the light olefin comprising ethylene, propylene and butylene can reach 50-90%, while the selectivity of a methane side product is less than 7%.