A methanation reaction catalyst for methanation by allowing carbon dioxide to react with hydrogen, wherein the methanation reaction catalyst includes a stabilized zirconia support having a tetragonal crystal structure and in which Ca and Ni are incorporated in the crystal structure, and Ni in the metal state supported on the stabilized zirconia support, includes the following in atomic % based on metals in the element state, A) Zr composing the stabilized zirconia support: 6 to 62 atomic %, B) Ca incorporated in the crystal structure: 1 to 20 atomic %, and C) a total of Ni incorporated in the crystal structure and Ni supported on the stabilized zirconia support: 30 to 90 atomic %, and the atomic ratio of Ca/(Zr+Ca) is 0.14 to 0.25.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons which is based on iron oxide and a process for producing it. The catalyst comprises at least one iron compound, at least one potassium compound and from 11 to 24% by weight of at least one cerium compound, calculated as CeO.sub.2, wherein the at least one iron compound and the at least one potassium compound are at least partly present in the form of one or more K/Fe mixed oxide phases of the general formula K.sub.xFe.sub.yO.sub.z, where x is from 1 to 17; y is from 1 to 22 and z is from 2 to 34, and comprises at least 50% by weight, based on the total catalyst, of the K/Fe mixed oxide phases, and also a process for producing it.

The invention relates to a new catalytic composition for the alkylation of aromatic compounds with alcohols, or mixtures of alcohols and corresponding olefins, wherein said composition comprises a zeolite of the MTW type and is characterized in that it contains one or more alkaline metals in a total quantity which is less than or equal to 0.02% by weight. The use of said catalyst in the alkylation of aromatic compounds with alcohols, in particular benzene with isopropanol or ethanol, allows the formation, as by-product, of the aldehyde or ketone corresponding to the alcohol used, to be minimized: the formation of reaction by-products of said aldehydes or ketones having a boiling point very close to that of polyalkylation products, is therefore significantly reduced. This provides a considerable advantage in the subsequent transalkylation step for the recovery of said polyalkylates by transformation into the corresponding monoalkylates.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for production of a high purity conjugated diolefin. The method for production of a conjugated diolefin of the present invention comprises steps of supplying a source gas containing a C4 or higher monoolefin and an oxygen-containing gas into a reactor, bringing a catalyst into contact with the gas mixture, compressing a gas containing a conjugated diolefin produced by an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction to obtain a liquefied gas and rinsing the liquefied gas with water.

Provided is mixed catalysts for an olefin metathesis reaction having a high selectivity so that side reactions do not take place and having a high activity, which side reactions are polymerization reactions, isomerization from 2-butene to 1-butene, and reactions of 1-butene with other molecules. Mixed catalysts for an olefin metathesis reaction can be provided, the mixed catalyst comprising a metathesis catalyst which is tungsten oxide supported on a silica carrier and a co-catalyst that is composited from at least three oxides of Groups 1 and 2 metallic elements. By using the catalyst an olefin metathesis reaction of generating propylene from ethylene and 2-butene, the solid basicity to promote the metathesis reaction can be increase, and influences of gas containing isomers of 2-butene contained in raw material gas can be inhibited to increase the production efficiency of propylene even at low temperatures.

The present invention relates to energy saving method and apparatus for preparing styrene and alpha-methylstyrene concurrently, by which economic feasibility may be improved by reusing energy during preparing styrene and alpha-methylstyrene concurrently.

The present invention relates to the use of magnesium oxide (MgO) as catalyst for isomerisation of olefins with defined physical properties, a catalyst for olefin metathesis comprising said MgO and a process for olefin metathesis using said catalyst.

A process for producing olefins comprising introducing to a reactor a reactant mixture comprising methane, oxygen, and water, wherein the reactor comprises a catalyst, and wherein water is present in the reactant mixture from 0.5 mol % to 20 mol %; allowing the reactant mixture to contact the catalyst and react via an OCM reaction to form a product mixture comprising C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons, unreacted methane, and byproducts; wherein C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons comprise olefins and paraffins; and wherein the process is characterized by a productivity, a C.sub.2+ selectivity, or both that is increased when compared to a productivity, a C.sub.2+ selectivity, or both, respectively, of an otherwise similar process conducted (i) with a reactant mixture comprising methane and oxygen and (ii) without water present in the reactant mixture from 0.5 mol % to 20 mol %; recovering the product mixture from the reactor; recovering C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons from the product mixture; and recovering olefins from C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing olefins via an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) process. The systems and methods may comprise the use of a staged process comprising at least one non-adiabatic section that is in thermal communication with a heat transfer medium and at least one substantially adiabatic section. The systems and methods may also comprise the use of a diluent stream which may improve methane conversion in an OCM reactor and an ethylene/ethane ratio in a post-bed cracking unit. The methods and systems may further comprise injecting oxygen (O.sub.2) and a paraffin into a gas stream containing a radical transfer agent to provide a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture may be held in a vessel for a time period greater than an auto-ignition delay time (AIDT), such that the reaction mixture may ignite to liberate heat and convert to a product mixture comprising olefins.

Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.