A process for obtaining an olefin by metathesis including at least two reaction pathways. In at least one first reaction pathway at least one stream with at least one olefin as starting material is fed to at least one first pre-bed reactor with at least one pre-bed having at least one compound selected from the group of alkaline earth metal oxides. The stream leaving the at least one first pre-bed reactor is subsequently fed to at least one main catalyst bed reactor downstream of the at least one first pre-bed reactor including at least one main catalyst bed with at least one first catalyst component comprising a metathesis catalyst, and at least one second catalyst component comprising a catalyst for double bond isomerization, whereby the first and second catalyst are physically mixed with each other.

An alkylation catalyst having a zeolite catalyst component and a binder component providing mechanical support for the zeolite catalyst component is disclosed. The binder component is an ion-modified binder that can include metal ions selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, K, Cs, Ga, B, P, Rb, Ag, Na, Cu, Mg, Fe, Mo, Ce, and combinations thereof. The metal ions reduce the number of acid sites on the zeolite catalyst component. The metal ions can range from 0.1 to 50 wt % based on the total weight of the ion-modified binder. Optionally, the ion-modified binder is present in amounts ranging from 1 to 80 wt % based on the total weight of the catalyst.

The present invention relates to energy saving method and apparatus for preparing styrene and alpha-methylstyrene concurrently, by which economic feasibility may be improved by reusing energy during preparing styrene and alpha-methylstyrene concurrently.

A process for producing phenylstyrene comprises contacting benzene with hydrogen in the presence of a hydroalkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a hydroalkylation product comprising cyclohexylbenzene. At least part of the cyclohexylbenzene is then contacted with ethylbenzene in the presence of a transalkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a transalkylation product comprising cyclohexylethylbenzene and/or with ethylene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce an alkylation product comprising cyclohexylethylbenzene. At least part of the cyclohexylethylbenzene is then contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a dehydrogenation product comprising phenylstyrene.

A method for producing ethanol and coproducing methanol on a catalyst in a reactor using a co-feed of a synthesis gas and acetate as a reaction raw material comprising passing a raw material gas containing an acetate and a synthesis gas through a reactor loaded with a catalyst to produce ethanol and coproduce methanol under conditions of a reaction temperature of 150-350 C., a reaction pressure of 0.1-20.0 MPa, a reaction volume hourly space velocity of 100-45000 mlg.sup.1h.sup.1, and an acetate weight hourly space velocity of 0.01-5.0 h.sup.1; and the active components of the catalyst are copper and optionally zinc and/or aluminum, which greatly facilitates the conversion of carbon monoxide to methanol, while an extremely high activity of acetate hydrogenation is maintained.

The present invention discloses a process to treat a ferrite based catalyst useful in the oxidative dehydrogenation of monololefins and diolefins which process includes a preheat step prior to use of the catalyst in the OXO-D reactor. The catalyst is preferably a zinc ferrite catalyst for the production of butadiene. It has been observed that substantially no nitrogen oxide emissions result from the use of this treated catalyst in the reactor unit during the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction.

Processes and multiple-stage catalyst systems are disclosed for producing propene by at least partially isomerizing butene in an isomerization reaction zone having an isomerization catalyst to form an isomerization reaction product, at least partially metathesizing the isomerization reaction product in a metathesis reaction zone having a metathesis catalyst to form a metathesis reaction product, and at least partially cracking the metathesis reaction product in a cracking reaction zone having a cracking catalyst. The isomerization catalyst may be MgO, and the metathesis catalyst may be a mesoporous silica catalyst support impregnated with a metal oxide. The metathesis reaction zone may be downstream of the isomerization reaction zone, and the cracking reaction zone may be downstream of the metathesis reaction zone.

The present invention relates to a process for obtaining an olefin by metathesis comprising feeding at least one stream comprising at least one olefin as starting material to at least one reactor comprising at least one main catalyst bed comprising a) at least one first catalyst component comprising a metathesis catalyst, and b) at least one second catalyst component comprising a catalyst for double bond isomerization, whereby the first and second catalyst are physically mixed with each other, wherein the at least one stream comprising at least one olefin as starting material is co-fed with hydrogen gas in a concentration range between 0.01 Vol % and 0.2 Vol % in respect to the total gas amount in the stream, and the metathesis process is conducted in the at least one reactor at a pressure between 0.1 MPa and 3.0 MPa and at a temperature between 250 C. and 300 C.

The invention relates to a catalyst that comprises at least the tantalum element, at least an aldolizing element and at least a mesoporous oxide matrix, with the tantalum mass being between 0.1 and 30% of the mesoporous oxide matrix mass, the mass of the at least one aldolizing element being between 0.02 and 4% of the mesoporous oxide matrix mass, and use thereof.

An alkylation catalyst having a zeolite catalyst component and a binder component providing mechanical support for the zeolite catalyst component is disclosed. The binder component is an ion-modified binder that can include metal ions selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, K, Cs, Ga, B, P, Rb, Ag, Na, Cu, Mg, Fe, Mo, Ce, and combinations thereof. The metal ions reduce the number of acid sites on the zeolite catalyst component. The metal ions can range from 0.1 to 50 wt % based on the total weight of the ion-modified binder. Optionally, the ion-modified binder is present in amounts ranging from 1 to 80 wt % based on the total weight of the catalyst.