This specification discloses a process to convert a converted lignin feedstream to an aromatic composition comprised of aromatic compounds. The process follows the steps of exposing the converted lignin feedstream to at least one catalyst in the presence of donated hydrogen atoms at an exposure temperature greater than 190 C. for a time of at least thirty minutes. The donated hydrogen atoms are donated from at least one hydrogen donating compound during exposure of the converted lignin feedstream to the at least one catalyst at the exposure temperature. The resulting products are comprised largely of aromatics.

Paraffin compositions including mainly even carbon number paraffins, and a method for manufacturing the same, is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method involves contacting naturally occurring fatty acid/glycerides with hydrogen in a slurry bubble column reactor containing bimetallic catalysts with equivalent particle diameters from about 10 to about 400 micron. The even carbon number compositions are particularly useful as phase change material.

Endothermic reactions (those whose heat of reaction is positive) may be controlled in a truly isothermal fashion with external heat input applied directly to the solid catalyst surface itself and not by an indirect means external to the actual catalytic material. This heat source can be supplied uniformly and isothermally to the catalyst active sites solely by conduction using electrical resistance heating of the catalytic material itself or by an electrical resistance heating element with the active catalytic material coating directly on the surface. By employing only conduction as the mode of heat transfer to the catalytic sites, the non-uniform modes of radiation and convection are avoided permitting a uniform isothermal chemical reaction to take place.

A plant squalane composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof are provided. The plant squalane composition includes at least 92.0 wt % of squalane by weight and 0.5-3.0 wt % of cyclosqualane by weight. The preparation method includes hydrogenating a plant squalene raw material, separating the squalane and impurities in a crude plant squalane composition by fractionation, and refining the plant squalane composition. Squalene in the plant squalene raw material accounts for at least 70.0 wt % of a total weight of the plant squalene raw material. A content of the squalane in the plant squalane composition is not less than 92.0 wt %, and a content of the cyclosqualane in the plant squalane composition is 0.5-3.0 wt %. The preparation method solves problems of the prior art that an organic solvent is needed for catalytic hydrogenation, safety and environmental protection are poor, and excessive cyclosqualane is generated in a side reaction.

A plant squalane composition, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof are provided. The plant squalane composition includes at least 92.0 wt % of squalane by weight and 0.5-3.0 wt % of cyclosqualane by weight. The preparation method includes hydrogenating a plant squalene raw material, separating the squalane and impurities in a crude plant squalane composition by fractionation, and refining the plant squalane composition. Squalene in the plant squalene raw material accounts for at least 70.0 wt % of a total weight of the plant squalene raw material. A content of the squalane in the plant squalane composition is not less than 92.0 wt %, and a content of the cyclosqualane in the plant squalane composition is 0.5-3.0 wt %. The preparation method solves problems of the prior art that an organic solvent is needed for catalytic hydrogenation, safety and environmental protection are poor, and excessive cyclosqualane is generated in a side reaction.

Paraffin compositions including mainly even carbon number paraffins, and a method for manufacturing the same, is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method involves contacting naturally occurring fatty acid/glycerides with hydrogen in a slurry bubble column reactor containing bimetallic catalysts with equivalent particle diameters from about 10 to about 400 micron. The even carbon number compositions are particularly useful as phase change material.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing p-aminobenzoic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester comprising reacting p-nitrobenzoic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the reaction is performed in water or in a mixture of water and 2-ethylhexanol. Further, the present invention relates to the p-aminobenzoic acid-2-ethyl hexylester obtained by the process and having high purity.

The invention is related to a process for synthesizing a sustainable aviation fuel composition. The process comprises providing a reaction mixture comprising a first compound that is at least one of mevalonolactone, mevalonic acid, mevalonate salt, dehydromevalonic acid, dehydromevalonate salt, dehydromevalonolactone or combinations thereof. The process then involves converting the first compound in the reaction mixture to provide a first intermediate comprising isoprene. Then, the isoprene in the first intermediate is reacted in the presence of a first heat transfer agent to provide a second intermediate comprising terpenes. Finally, the second intermediate is allowed to react in the presence of a second heat transfer agent, or alternatively in neat conditions, and optionally in presence of a catalyst to provide the sustainable fuel composition. The sustainable aviation fuel composition made available from the process of the invention is found to comprise monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) at useful concentration ranges (along with cycloalkanes) while they are substantially devoid of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

System and method of producing a dimethylcyclooctane-based aviation fuel from isoprene includes culturing a genetically engineered microbe under suitable conditions to produce a first product including isoprene, dimerizing, using a transition metal-based catalyst, isoprene to form a second product including dimethylcyclooctadiene, and hydrogenating, using a hydrogenation catalyst, dimethylcyclooctadiene to form a third product including dimethylcyclooctane, wherein the genetically engineered microbe includes a heterologous nucleic acid construct encoding a peptide, the peptide having an activity configured to contribute to an enhanced production of isoprene.

Paraffin compositions including mainly even carbon number paraffins, and a method for manufacturing the same, is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method involves contacting naturally occurring fatty acid/glycerides with hydrogen in a slurry bubble column reactor containing bimetallic catalysts with equivalent particle diameters from about 10 to about 400 micron. The even carbon number compositions are particularly useful as phase change material.