A method for making high density fuels including, heating a renewable plant oil, triglyceride, or fatty acid with at least one first acid catalyst to generate a first mixture of alkyladamantanes, increasing reaction time or adding at least one second catalysts to a first mixture of alkyladamantanes to produce a second alkyladamantane mixture, separating methyl, ethyl, propyl, and/or butyl adamantanes from a second alkyladamantane mixture to produce a third adamantane mixture to produce fuels.

A method to generate dense, multi-cyclic diamondoid fuels from bio-derived sesquiterpenes. This process can be conducted with both heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts and produces the targeted isomers in high yield. The resulting multi-cyclic structures impart significantly higher densities and volumetric net heats of combustion while maintaining low viscosities which allow for use at low temperature/high altitude. Moreover, bio-derived sesquiterpenes can be produced from renewable biomass sources. Use of these fuels will decrease Navy dependence on fossil fuels and will also reduce net carbon emissions.

The present invention relates to tackifier compounds and methods of using the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a tackifier compound including independently substituted or unsubstituted fused rings A and B each independently chosen from (C.sub.5-C.sub.10)cycloalkyl and (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)heterocyclyl. Fused ring A is substituted with (R.sup.1).sub.1-8 and fused ring B is substituted with (OC(O)RC(O)R.sup.2).sub.1-8. At each occurrence R is independently chosen from (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkanylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkenylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkynylene, (C.sub.5-C.sub.20(arylene), and (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)heteroarylene, wherein R is unsubstituted or substituted. At each occurrence R is independently selected from OH, OR.sup.3, and OC(O)RC(O)R.sup.2. At each occurrence R.sup.2 is independently chosen from OH, OR.sup.3, NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.3, and NR.sup.3.sub.2. At each occurrence R.sup.3 is independently chosen from (C.sub.1-C.sub.10)alkanyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkynyl, C.sub.5-C.sub.20(aryl), and (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)heteroaryl, wherein R.sup.3 is unsubstituted or substituted.

The present invention relates to tackifier compounds and methods of using the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a tackifier compound including independently substituted or unsubstituted fused rings A and B each independently chosen from (C.sub.5-C.sub.10)cycloalkyl and (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)heterocyclyl. Fused ring A is substituted with (R.sup.1).sub.1-8 and fused ring B is substituted with (OC(O)RC(O)R.sup.2).sub.1-8. At each occurrence R is independently chosen from (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkanylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkenylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkynylene, C.sub.5-C.sub.20(arylene), and (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)heteroarylene, wherein R is unsubstituted or substituted. At each occurrence R.sup.1 is independently selected from OH, OR.sup.3, and OC(O)RC(O)R.sup.2. At each occurrence R.sup.2 is independently chosen from OH, OR.sup.3, NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.3, and NR.sup.3.sub.2. At each occurrence R.sup.3 is independently chosen from (C.sub.1-C.sub.10)alkanyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.10)alkynyl, C.sub.5-C.sub.20(aryl), and (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)heteroaryl, wherein R.sup.3 is unsubstituted or substituted.

The present invention is directed to polyisocyanates and polyurethanes derived therefrom. In various embodiments, the present invention provides polyisocyanates, methods of making the polyisocyanates from fused bicyclic alcohols, polyurethanes, and methods of making the polyurethanes from the polyisocyanates.

The present invention is directed to polyisocyanates and polyurethanes derived therefrom. In various embodiments, the present invention provides polyisocyanates, methods of making the polyisocyanates from fused bicyclic alcohols, polyurethanes, and methods of making the polyurethanes from the polyisocyanates.

A method to generate dense, multi-cyclic diamondoid fuels from bio-derived sesquiterpenes. This process can be conducted with both heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts and produces the targeted isomers in high yield. The resulting multi-cyclic structures impart significantly higher densities and volumetric net heats of combustion while maintaining low viscosities which allow for use at low temperature/high altitude. Moreover, bio-derived sesquiterpenes can be produced from renewable biomass sources. Use of these fuels will decrease Navy dependence on fossil fuels and will also reduce net carbon emissions.

Provided herein are compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the integrated stress response (I SR) and for treating related diseases, disorders, and conditions.