Embodiments in accordance with the present invention encompass an organoruthenium compound of the formula (I) or formula (II): ##STR00001##
Wherein X, L, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are as defined herein. Also disclosed herein are the use of organoruthenium compound of the formula (I) or formula (II) as (pre)catalysts for the olefin metathesis reactions, as well as to the process for carrying out the olefin metathesis reaction.

There are described RORγ modulators of the formula (I), ##STR00001##
or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof, wherein all substituents are defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same. Such compounds and compositions are useful in methods for modulating RORγ activity in a cell and methods for treating a subject suffering from a disease or disorder in which the subject would therapeutically benefit from modulation of RORγ activity, for example, autoimmune and/or inflammatory disorders.

Disclosed herein are novel uses of a polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine for the manufacture of a medicament for treating Fabry disease (FD). Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a method of treating a subject having or suspected of having FD. The method includes the step of, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), a salt, an ester or a solvate thereof, wherein: R.sub.1 is H, or C.sub.1-3 amine optionally substituted with —COR.sub.2; R.sub.2 is alkyl or alkene optionally substituted with cycloalkyl or phenyl having at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of, halo, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxyl; so as to ameliorate, alleviate mitigate and/or prevent symptoms associated with the FD. According to preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, the compound of formula (I) is a chaperon of a mutated human lysosomal α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). ##STR00001##

Disclosed herein are novel uses of a polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine for the manufacture of a medicament for treating Fabry disease (FD). Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a method of treating a subject having or suspected of having FD. The method includes the step of, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), a salt, an ester or a solvate thereof, wherein: R.sub.1 is H, or C.sub.1-3 amine optionally substituted with —COR.sub.2; R.sub.2 is alkyl or alkene optionally substituted with cycloalkyl or phenyl having at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of, halo, alkyl, haloalkyl, and alkoxyl; so as to ameliorate, alleviate mitigate and/or prevent symptoms associated with the FD. According to preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, the compound of formula (I) is a chaperon of a mutated human lysosomal α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). ##STR00001##

Embodiments in accordance with the present invention encompass an organoruthenium compound of the formula (I) or formula (II):

##STR00001##

Wherein X, L, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are as defined herein. Also disclosed herein are the use of organoruthenium compound of the formula (I) or formula (II) as (pre)catalysts for the olefin metathesis reactions, as well as to the process for carrying out the olefin metathesis reaction.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or a functional health food comprising a verbenone derivative and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as active ingredients for treating or preventing a neurodegenerative disease. More specifically, the verbenone derivative according to the present invention reduces neuronal cell death and oxidative stress, and is highly effective in preventing ischemic brain damage and inflammatory cell migration in rats, thereby providing the pharmaceutical composition or the functional health food which is useful in treating neurodegenerative diseases.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or a functional health food comprising a verbenone derivative and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as active ingredients for treating or preventing a neurodegenerative disease. More specifically, the verbenone derivative according to the present invention reduces neuronal cell death and oxidative stress, and is highly effective in preventing ischemic brain damage and inflammatory cell migration in rats, thereby providing the pharmaceutical composition or the functional health food which is useful in treating neurodegenerative diseases.

2-primary amino-4-secondary amino-quinoline derivatives, their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use as medicaments are disclosed. The compounds are useful as a medicament in treating and/or decreasing the severity and/or progression and/or preventing fibrosis and/or related diseases, or for use as a medicament in treating, decreasing the severity and/or progression of and/or preventing autophagy and/or related diseases, for inhibiting autophagy flux, and for inhibiting cathepsins B (CTSB), L (CTSL) and/or D (CTSD) and/or related diseases.

2-primary amino-4-secondary amino-quinoline derivatives, their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use as medicaments are disclosed. The compounds are useful as a medicament in treating and/or decreasing the severity and/or progression and/or preventing fibrosis and/or related diseases, or for use as a medicament in treating, decreasing the severity and/or progression of and/or preventing autophagy and/or related diseases, for inhibiting autophagy flux, and for inhibiting cathepsins B (CTSB), L (CTSL) and/or D (CTSD) and/or related diseases.

Disclosed are compounds of formulae: ##STR00001##
and salts, hydrates, or solvates thereof, where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6 are defined herein, compositions containing these compounds, methods of preparing these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in a variety of applications, such as a surfactant or additive in personal care products.