Reagents comprising MS active, fluorescent molecules with an activated functionality for reaction with amines useful in tagging biomolecules such as N-glycans and uses thereof are taught and described. In particular embodiments, the MS active, fluorescent molecules are of the compound of the Formula III ##STR00001##
or of the Formula IV ##STR00002##
where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are defined herein.

Reagents comprising MS active, fluorescent molecules with an activated functionality for reaction with amines useful in tagging biomolecules such as N-glycans and uses thereof are taught and described. In particular embodiments, the MS active, fluorescent molecules are of the compound of the Formula III ##STR00001##
or of the Formula IV ##STR00002##
where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are defined herein.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3′-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3′-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

The invention comprises a process for the preparation of GalNAc oligonucleotide conjugates which comprises the coupling of a GalNAc cluster compound of the formula ##STR00001##
or corresponding salts, enantiomers and/or a stereoisomer thereof, with an oligonucleotide in the presence of an O-dicarboximidouronium salt as coupling agent.

The invention comprises a process for the preparation of GalNAc oligonucleotide conjugates which comprises the coupling of a GalNAc cluster compound of the formula ##STR00001##
or corresponding salts, enantiomers and/or a stereoisomer thereof, with an oligonucleotide in the presence of an O-dicarboximidouronium salt as coupling agent.

The present invention provides conjugates having a degradable linkage and polymeric reagents useful in preparing such conjugates. The conjugates as well as the polymeric reagents used to form the conjugates include at least one of each the following: an aromatic moiety comprising an ionizable hydrogen atom, a spacer moiety, and a water-soluble polymer. Methods of making polymeric reagents and conjugates, as well as methods for administering conjugates and compositions, are also provided.

The present invention provides conjugates having a degradable linkage and polymeric reagents useful in preparing such conjugates. The conjugates as well as the polymeric reagents used to form the conjugates include at least one of each the following: an aromatic moiety comprising an ionizable hydrogen atom, a spacer moiety, and a water-soluble polymer. Methods of making polymeric reagents and conjugates, as well as methods for administering conjugates and compositions, are also provided.

The present invention provides methods of efficiently producing various optically active aromatic amino acid derivatives by reacting, using an additive, a specific ester compound with an aromatic halide and zinc in the presence of a catalyst. The present invention also provides amino acid derivatives that can be produced by the methods.

Enantiomers may be analyzed by: (1) reacting a mixture of a first compound and a second compound that are a pair of enantiomers with an axially chiral compound that is one of a pair of axially chiral isomers, to generate a derivative mixture containing a first derivative obtained by a reaction of the first compound with the axially chiral compound and a second derivative obtained by a reaction of the second compound with the axially chiral compound; (2) separating the first derivative and the second derivative in the derivative mixture; and (3) detecting the separated first derivative and second derivative by mass spectrometry.