Disclosed herein are prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors that can stabilize hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), as well as hypoxia inducible factor-2 (HIF-2). Also disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of the disclosed compounds. Yet further disclosed are methods for stimulating the cellular immune response in a mammal such as increasing phagocytosis, for example, prolonging the life of phagocytes, inter alia, kerotyiocytes, neutrophils. As such the disclosed compounds provide methods for treating diseases that relate to the body's immune response.

A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or isomer thereof, of Formula I:

##STR00001## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, or substituted alkenyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkoxy, or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl; and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl.

A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or isomer thereof, of Formula I:

##STR00001## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, or substituted alkenyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkoxy, or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl; and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl.

The present disclosure relates to the preparation of pyridine derivatives, such as α-picoline or α-parvoline, and catalysts useful for the selective preparation of such pyridine derivatives. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to the selective preparation of certain pyridine derivative using dealuminated zeolite catalysts.

The present disclosure relates to the preparation of pyridine derivatives, such as α-picoline or α-parvoline, and catalysts useful for the selective preparation of such pyridine derivatives. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to the selective preparation of certain pyridine derivative using dealuminated zeolite catalysts.

The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment and prevention of diseases and conditions associate with or aggravated by impaired mitophagy.

The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment and prevention of diseases and conditions associate with or aggravated by impaired mitophagy.

The present invention relates to an oxopicolinamide derivative, a preparation method therefor and the pharmaceutical use thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to an oxopicolinamide derivative as shown in the general formula (AI), a preparation method therefor and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the derivative, and to the use thereof as a therapeutic agent, in particular as an inhibitor of blood coagulation factor XIa (Factor XIa, FXIa for short) and the use thereof in the preparation of a drug for treating diseases such as thromboembolism, wherein the definition of each substituent in the general formula (AI) is the same as defined in the description. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to an oxopicolinamide derivative, a preparation method therefor and the pharmaceutical use thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to an oxopicolinamide derivative as shown in the general formula (AI), a preparation method therefor and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the derivative, and to the use thereof as a therapeutic agent, in particular as an inhibitor of blood coagulation factor XIa (Factor XIa, FXIa for short) and the use thereof in the preparation of a drug for treating diseases such as thromboembolism, wherein the definition of each substituent in the general formula (AI) is the same as defined in the description. ##STR00001##

A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or isomer thereof, of Formula I: ##STR00001## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, or substituted alkenyl; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkoxy, or substituted alkoxy; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl; and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl.