The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:
X-A-Y-L-R(I)
which inhibit the protein(s) encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or interfere with the function of the HBV life cycle of the hepatitis B virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HBV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.

Disclosed herein are methods and processes of preparing 3-amino-(C.sub.3-6)-alkan-1-ol, including optically active 3-amino-(C.sub.3-6)-alkan-1-ol (e.g., optically active 3-amino-1-butanol such as (R)-3-amino-1-butanol). The 3-amino-(C.sub.3-6)-alkan-1-ol may be optionally substituted at the 1-position, e.g., with OH, alkoxy, O-acetyl, or silyl groups, among others. The processes include contacting a 1-nitro-(C.sub.1-4)-alkane with a vinyl source or an acetylene source in the presence of a base and a dehydrating agent to provide 3-(C.sub.0-3)-alkyl-2-isoxazoline; and/or contacting the 3-(C.sub.0-3)-alkyl-2-isoxazoline with hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to provide 3-amino-(C.sub.3-6)-alkan-1-ol.

The present invention provides bumetanide analogs and compositions comprising such analogs. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing these bumetanide analogs and methods for their use. These analogs are believed useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of conditions that involve the Na.sup.+K.sup.+Cl.sup. co-transporter or GABA.sub.A receptor.

The present invention provides bumetanide analogs and compositions comprising such analogs. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing these bumetanide analogs and methods for their use. These analogs are believed useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of conditions that involve the Na.sup.+K.sup.+Cl.sup. co-transporter or GABA.sub.A receptor.

The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:

X-A-Y-L-R(I)

which inhibit the protein(s) encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or interfere with the function of the HBV life cycle of the hepatitis B virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HBV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.

The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:

X-A-Y-L-R(I)

which inhibit the protein(s) encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or interfere with the function of the HBV life cycle of the hepatitis B virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HBV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.

The invention provides amides that inhibit cellular necrosis and/or human receptor interacting protein 1 kinase (RIP1), including corresponding sulfonamides, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and stereoisomers thereof. The compounds are employed in pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and use, including treating a person in need thereof with an effective amount of the compound or composition, and detecting a resultant improvement in the person's health or condition.

The invention provides amides that inhibit cellular necrosis and/or human receptor interacting protein 1 kinase (RIP1), including corresponding sulfonamides, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and stereoisomers thereof. The compounds are employed in pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of making and use, including treating a person in need thereof with an effective amount of the compound or composition, and detecting a resultant improvement in the person's health or condition.

The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:
X-A-Y-L-R(I)
which inhibit the protein(s) encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or interfere with the function of the HBV life cycle of the hepatitis B virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HBV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.

The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:
X-A-Y-L-R(I)
which inhibit the protein(s) encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or interfere with the function of the HBV life cycle of the hepatitis B virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HBV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.