Described herein are compounds of Formula I, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or conditions associated with the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase (GCS).

An object of the present invention is to provide a compound having the controlling activity on a noxious arthropod, and a noxious arthropod controlling agent containing an amide compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein X represents a nitrogen atom or a CH group, p represents 0 or 1, A represents a tetrahydrofuranyl group or the like, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 represent a hydrogen atom or the like, n represents 1 or 2, Y represents an oxygen atom or the like, m represents any integer of 0 to 7, and Q represents a C1-8 chain hydrocarbon group optionally having a phenyl group or the like, has the excellent noxious arthropod controlling effect.

Provided is a low-molecular compound or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof which has the ability to activate Nrf2.

The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein X.sub.a1 is CR.sub.a1 or N, X.sub.a3 is CR.sub.a3 or N, R.sub.a1, R.sub.a2 and R.sub.a3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, X.sub.b1, X.sub.b2 and X.sub.b3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, O, NH, S and C=O, Y is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent, and Z is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl optionally having a substituent.

##STR00001##

Provided is a low-molecular compound or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof which has the ability to activate Nrf2.

The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein X.sub.a1 is CR.sub.a1 or N, X.sub.a3 is CR.sub.a3 or N, R.sub.a1, R.sub.a2 and R.sub.a3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, X.sub.b1, X.sub.b2 and X.sub.b3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, O, NH, S and C=O, Y is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent, and Z is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl optionally having a substituent.

##STR00001##

Provided is a low-molecular compound or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof which has the ability to activate Nrf2.

The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein X.sub.a1 is CR.sub.a1 or N, X.sub.a3 is CR.sub.a3 or N, R.sub.a1, R.sub.a2 and R.sub.a3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, X.sub.b1, X.sub.b2 and X.sub.b3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, O, NH, S and CO, Y is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent, and Z is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl optionally having a substituent.

##STR00001##

Provided is a low-molecular compound or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof which has the ability to activate Nrf2.

The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein X.sub.a1 is CR.sub.a1 or N, X.sub.a3 is CR.sub.a3 or N, R.sub.a1, R.sub.a2 and R.sub.a3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, X.sub.b1, X.sub.b2 and X.sub.b3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, O, NH, S and CO, Y is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent, and Z is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl optionally having a substituent.

##STR00001##

The invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1)

##STR00001##

wherein X is CH.sub.2 or an oxygen atom, Y is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.1 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, R.sup.2 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or the like, or salts thereof, pest control agents containing the compound as an active ingredient, and methods of use thereof. The compound can be useful, for example, as an agrohorticultural insect pest control agent in the production of crops in agriculture, an ectoparasite control agent for animals, and an endoparasite control agent for animals.

The invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1)

##STR00001##

wherein X is CH.sub.2 or an oxygen atom, Y is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, R.sup.1 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, R.sup.2 is a substituted phenyl group or the like, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or the like, or salts thereof, pest control agents containing the compound as an active ingredient, and methods of use thereof. The compound can be useful, for example, as an agrohorticultural insect pest control agent in the production of crops in agriculture, an ectoparasite control agent for animals, and an endoparasite control agent for animals.

Provided is a low-molecular compound or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof which has the ability to activate Nrf2. The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein X.sub.a1 is CR.sub.a1 or N, X.sub.a3 is CR.sub.a3 or N, R.sub.a1, R.sub.a2 and R.sub.a3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, X.sub.b1, X.sub.b2 and X.sub.b3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, O, NH, S and CO, Y is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent, and Z is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl optionally having a substituent. ##STR00001##

Provided is a low-molecular compound or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof which has the ability to activate Nrf2. The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, wherein X.sub.a1 is CR.sub.a1 or N, X.sub.a3 is CR.sub.a3 or N, R.sub.a1, R.sub.a2 and R.sub.a3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, X.sub.b1, X.sub.b2 and X.sub.b3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2, O, NH, S and CO, Y is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent, and Z is C.sub.6-C.sub.10 aryl optionally having a substituent, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl optionally having a substituent or C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl optionally having a substituent. ##STR00001##