The invention relates to a block copolymer derived from at least one ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide monomer containing .sup.14C. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing such a block copolymer.

Stabilized compositions employing a sequestrant system and a binding system for improving shelf stability and dispensing stability of a solid activated bleach composition are disclosed. The compositions contain a peroxygen source and a catalyst activator which require generation of a peroxycarboxylic acid or other active oxygen sanitizing agent at a point of use. Stabilized compositions employ a sequestrant system including a phosphonic acid and/or dipicolinic acid sequestrant and a binding system comprising an anionic surfactant for a solid formulation of a catalyst activator and peroxygen source to provide shelf stability and dispensing stability for a activated bleach composition. Methods of formulating and use are further disclosed.

Stabilized compositions employing a sequestrant system and a binding system for improving shelf stability and dispensing stability of a solid activated bleach composition are disclosed. The compositions contain a peroxygen source and a catalyst activator which require generation of a peroxycarboxylic acid or other active oxygen sanitizing agent at a point of use. Stabilized compositions employ a sequestrant system including a phosphonic acid and/or dipicolinic acid sequestrant and a binding system comprising an anionic surfactant for a solid formulation of a catalyst activator and peroxygen source to provide shelf stability and dispensing stability for a activated bleach composition. Methods of formulating and use are further disclosed.

A silver impregnation solution containing: (i) silver ions, (ii) a polar organic additive containing two to four carbon atoms and two to four functional groups selected from hydroxy, carboxylic acid, and amine groups, provided that a carboxylic acid group can only be present along with a hydroxy or amine group, and provided that an amine group can only be present along with a hydroxy or carboxylic acid group; and (iii) water; wherein components (i) and (ii) are water soluble and dissolved in the impregnation solution. Also described herein is a method for producing a catalyst effective in the oxidative conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide, the method comprising subjecting a refractory carrier impregnated with the above-described silver impregnation solution to a calcination process. Also described herein is a method for converting ethylene to ethylene oxide by use of the foregoing silver catalyst, as produced by the above-described silver impregnation solution.

A silver impregnation solution containing: (i) silver ions, (ii) a polar organic additive containing two to four carbon atoms and two to four functional groups selected from hydroxy, carboxylic acid, and amine groups, provided that a carboxylic acid group can only be present along with a hydroxy or amine group, and provided that an amine group can only be present along with a hydroxy or carboxylic acid group; and (iii) water; wherein components (i) and (ii) are water soluble and dissolved in the impregnation solution. Also described herein is a method for producing a catalyst effective in the oxidative conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide, the method comprising subjecting a refractory carrier impregnated with the above-described silver impregnation solution to a calcination process. Also described herein is a method for converting ethylene to ethylene oxide by use of the foregoing silver catalyst, as produced by the above-described silver impregnation solution.

In one aspect, the present invention encompasses compositions of sustainable polycarbonate polymers, methods of producing such polymers, and methods for evaluating whether certain constituents of a polymer chain are derived from biomass or a fossil carbon source.

Stabilized compositions employing a sequestrant system and a binding system for improving shelf stability and dispensing stability of a solid activated bleach composition are disclosed. The compositions contain a peroxygen source and a catalyst activator which require generation of a peroxycarboxylic acid or other active oxygen sanitizing agent at a point of use. Stabilized compositions employ a sequestrant system including a phosphonic acid and/or dipicolinic acid sequestrant and a binding system comprising an anionic surfactant for a solid formulation of a catalyst activator and peroxygen source to provide shelf stability and dispensing stability for a activated bleach composition. Methods of formulating and use are further disclosed.

Stabilized compositions employing a sequestrant system and a binding system for improving shelf stability and dispensing stability of a solid activated bleach composition are disclosed. The compositions contain a peroxygen source and a catalyst activator which require generation of a peroxycarboxylic acid or other active oxygen sanitizing agent at a point of use. Stabilized compositions employ a sequestrant system including a phosphonic acid and/or dipicolinic acid sequestrant and a binding system comprising an anionic surfactant for a solid formulation of a catalyst activator and peroxygen source to provide shelf stability and dispensing stability for a activated bleach composition. Methods of formulating and use are further disclosed.

A method for preparing a silver impregnation solution comprises (a) charging a neutralization reactor R1 with an aqueous organic amine; (b) adding oxalic acid powder through a first feeding conduit to the neutralization reactor R1 to obtain an aqueous oxalic acid-organic amine solution; (c) directing the aqueous oxalic acid-organic amine solution from the neutralization reactor to a complexation reactor R2; (d) adding particulate silver oxide through a second feeding conduit to the complexation reactor R2 to obtain a silver impregnation solution; and, optionally, (e) subjecting the silver impregnation solution to filtration. The silver impregnation solution is used for producing a catalyst effective in the oxidative conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide. The method allows for the preparation of a silver impregnation solution in an efficient and occupationally and environmentally safe way. Security hazards which can occur when oxalic acid and silver oxide are added to an aqueous amine solution using the same powder feeding equipment or the same reactor are avoided.

A method for preparing a silver impregnation solution comprises (a) charging a neutralization reactor R1 with an aqueous organic amine; (b) adding oxalic acid powder through a first feeding conduit to the neutralization reactor R1 to obtain an aqueous oxalic acid-organic amine solution; (c) directing the aqueous oxalic acid-organic amine solution from the neutralization reactor to a complexation reactor R2; (d) adding particulate silver oxide through a second feeding conduit to the complexation reactor R2 to obtain a silver impregnation solution; and, optionally, (e) subjecting the silver impregnation solution to filtration. The silver impregnation solution is used for producing a catalyst effective in the oxidative conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide. The method allows for the preparation of a silver impregnation solution in an efficient and occupationally and environmentally safe way. Security hazards which can occur when oxalic acid and silver oxide are added to an aqueous amine solution using the same powder feeding equipment or the same reactor are avoided.