An electrolytic solution includes the compound of Formula I and a carboxylate compound: ##STR00001##
The electrochemical device prepared with the electrolytic solution has reduced storage impedance, and improved post-storage swelling, overcharge performance and hot box performance.

The present invention provides an industrially applicable method for production of a fluorine-containing cyclopropane carboxylic acid compound useful as an intermediate for pharmaceutical and agrichemical products. A fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester is obtained by: forming a fluorine-containing cyclic sulfate with the use of a fluorine-containing dial compound and sulfuryl fluoride (as a cyclic sulfuric esterification step); reacting the fluorine-containing cyclic sulfate with a malonic diester, thereby forming a fluorine-containing cyclopropane diester (as a cyclopropanation step); and hydrolyzing the fluorine-containing cyclopropane diester (as a hydrolysis step). The fluorine-containing cyclopropane carboxylic acid compound, such as fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester or its salt, can be obtained with high chemical and optical purity by mixing the fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester with an amine and subjecting the resulting salt of the fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester and amine to recrystallization purification.

The present invention provides an industrially applicable method for production of a fluorine-containing cyclopropane carboxylic acid compound useful as an intermediate for pharmaceutical and agrichemical products. A fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester is obtained by: forming a fluorine-containing cyclic sulfate with the use of a fluorine-containing dial compound and sulfuryl fluoride (as a cyclic sulfuric esterification step); reacting the fluorine-containing cyclic sulfate with a malonic diester, thereby forming a fluorine-containing cyclopropane diester (as a cyclopropanation step); and hydrolyzing the fluorine-containing cyclopropane diester (as a hydrolysis step). The fluorine-containing cyclopropane carboxylic acid compound, such as fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester or its salt, can be obtained with high chemical and optical purity by mixing the fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester with an amine and subjecting the resulting salt of the fluorine-containing cyclopropane monoester and amine to recrystallization purification.

The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolytic solution capable of improving electrochemical characteristics in the case of using an energy storage device at a high temperature and at a high voltage and further capable of inhibiting the gas generation while maintaining a capacity retention rate after storage at a high temperature and at a high voltage and also provides an energy storage device using the same. Disclosed is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution having an electrolyte salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a carboxylic acid ester compound represented by the following general formula (I).

##STR00001##

In the formula, each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C(O)OR.sup.4 group, or the like, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure. R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3. When n is 1, then L and R.sup.4 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like; and when n is 2 or 3, then L represents an n-valent connecting group, X represents a C(O) group, an S(O) group, an S(O).sub.2 group, an S(O).sub.2R.sup.5S(O).sub.2 group or a CR.sup.6R.sup.7 group, R.sup.5 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and each of R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Provided is a precursor compound of Formula I used for preparing a cyclic sulfonic acid ester derivative compound, and a method for preparing same,

##STR00001## wherein all the variables are described herein.

Provided is a precursor compound of Formula I used for preparing a cyclic sulfonic acid ester derivative compound, and a method for preparing same,

##STR00001## wherein all the variables are described herein.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution includes an electrolyte salt and a sulfinyl compound. The electrolyte salt includes an imide anion, and the imide anion includes at least one of an anion represented by Formula (1), an anion represented by Formula (2), an anion represented by Formula (3), or an anion represented by Formula (4). The sulfinyl compound includes at least one of a compound represented by Formula (5), a compound represented by Formula (6), a compound represented by Formula (7), a compound represented by Formula (8), a compound represented by Formula (9), a compound represented by Formula (10), or a compound represented by Formula (11).

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution includes an electrolyte salt and a sulfinyl compound. The electrolyte salt includes an imide anion, and the imide anion includes at least one of an anion represented by Formula (1), an anion represented by Formula (2), an anion represented by Formula (3), or an anion represented by Formula (4). The sulfinyl compound includes at least one of a compound represented by Formula (5), a compound represented by Formula (6), a compound represented by Formula (7), a compound represented by Formula (8), a compound represented by Formula (9), a compound represented by Formula (10), or a compound represented by Formula (11).

Disclosed is a method for synthesizing 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (DTD) by in-situ catalytic oxidation. A titanium silicon (TS)-1 molecular sieve is modified with a Pd salt and an Au salt to obtain an AuPd/TS-1 molecular sieve, which catalyzes oxygen and hydrogen to form hydrogen peroxide, and oxidizes glycol sulfite in situ in a reactor to synthesize DTD. An AuPd/TS-1 molecular sieve catalyst prepared by the present disclosure, which has two catalytic activities of catalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and catalytic oxidation of sulfite, can significantly increase the reaction rate, enable the complete conversion of raw materials in a shorter residence time, and effectively inhibit the hydrolysis of products, and a high-purity DTD product can be obtained by washing and evaporatively crystallizing an organic phase.

Disclosed is a method for synthesizing 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (DTD) by in-situ catalytic oxidation. A titanium silicon (TS)-1 molecular sieve is modified with a Pd salt and an Au salt to obtain an AuPd/TS-1 molecular sieve, which catalyzes oxygen and hydrogen to form hydrogen peroxide, and oxidizes glycol sulfite in situ in a reactor to synthesize DTD. An AuPd/TS-1 molecular sieve catalyst prepared by the present disclosure, which has two catalytic activities of catalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and catalytic oxidation of sulfite, can significantly increase the reaction rate, enable the complete conversion of raw materials in a shorter residence time, and effectively inhibit the hydrolysis of products, and a high-purity DTD product can be obtained by washing and evaporatively crystallizing an organic phase.