The invention provides various novel compositions of berberine in combination with pharmacologically active organic acids, and related methods of their use in treating various diseases or disorders. The invention further provides various novel compounds prepared from berberine and pharmacologically active organic acids and prepared from ursodeoxycholic acid and pharmacologically active organic bases, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of their preparation and therapeutic use in treating and/or preventing various diseases or disorders. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of the invention can be utilized to treat various diseases or disorders, such as diabetes, diabetic complications, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndromes, pre-diabetes, atherosclerosis, heart diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, sarcopenia, muscle atrophy, inflammation, cancer and liver diseases and conditions such as fatty liver, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cholestatic liver diseases or graft-versus-host disease of the liver. The compounds of this invention are also useful in improving liver functions in chronic viral associated liver diseases and alcohol-related liver diseases.

The invention provides various novel compositions of berberine in combination with pharmacologically active organic acids, and related methods of their use in treating various diseases or disorders. The invention further provides various novel compounds prepared from berberine and pharmacologically active organic acids and prepared from ursodeoxycholic acid and pharmacologically active organic bases, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of their preparation and therapeutic use in treating and/or preventing various diseases or disorders. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of the invention can be utilized to treat various diseases or disorders, such as diabetes, diabetic complications, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndromes, pre-diabetes, atherosclerosis, heart diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, sarcopenia, muscle atrophy, inflammation, cancer and liver diseases and conditions such as fatty liver, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cholestatic liver diseases or graft-versus-host disease of the liver. The compounds of this invention are also useful in improving liver functions in chronic viral associated liver diseases and alcohol-related liver diseases.

The present invention provides a mangiferin-6-O-berberine salt and a preparation method thereof, and further provides a use of the mangiferin-6-O-berberine salt for the treatment of diabetics and other diseases as an AMPK activator.

The present invention provides a mangiferin-6-O-berberine salt and a preparation method thereof, and further provides a use of the mangiferin-6-O-berberine salt for the treatment of diabetics and other diseases as an AMPK activator.

The present invention provides a mangiferin-6-O-calcium salt and a preparation process thereof. In addition, use of the mangiferin-6-O-calcium salt as defined in claim 1 as an intermediate in the preparation of a mangiferin-6-O-berberine salt is also provided.

The present invention provides a mangiferin-6-O-calcium salt and a preparation process thereof. In addition, use of the mangiferin-6-O-calcium salt as defined in claim 1 as an intermediate in the preparation of a mangiferin-6-O-berberine salt is also provided.

Disclosed is a montelukast berberine double salt or composition with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. Particularly, disclosed are a montelukast berberine quaternary ammonium salt with a structure as represented by formula (I), a double salt or a composition, a solvate, a hydrate, an isotope substitution or an isomer thereof.

##STR00001##

Disclosed is a montelukast berberine double salt or composition with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. Particularly, disclosed are a montelukast berberine quaternary ammonium salt with a structure as represented by formula (I), a double salt or a composition, a solvate, a hydrate, an isotope substitution or an isomer thereof.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to purely organic emitter molecules of a new type according to formula I and to the use thereof in optoelectronic devices, in particular in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), comprising donor D: an aromatic or heteraromatic chemical group on which the HOMO is located and which optionally has at least one substitution; acceptor A: an aromatic or heteromatic chemical group on which the LUMO is located and which optionally has at least one substitution; bridge B1, bridge B2: organic groups that link the donor D and the acceptor A in a non-conjugated manner; wherein in particular the energy difference E(S.sub.1T.sub.1) between the lowest excited singlet (S1) state of the organic emitter molecule and the triplet (T1) state of the organic emitter molecule lying thereunder is less than 2000 cm.sup.1.

Disclosed herein, inter alia, compounds and methods of use thereof for the modulation of bile acid receptor activity.